SERPINB3 (Serpin Peptidase Inhibitor, Clade B (Ovalbumin), Member 3)

2014-06-01   Cristian Turato , Patrizia Pontisso 

Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Identity

HGNC
LOCATION
18q21.33
LOCUSID
ALIAS
HsT1196,SCC,SCCA-1,SCCA-PD,SCCA1,SSCA1,T4-A

Abstract

Review on SERPINB3, with data on DNA\/RNA, on the protein encoded and where the gene is implicated.

DNA/RNA

Atlas Image
Figure 1. A) SERPINB3 maps in chromosome 18q21.3 (NC_000018.10) in the region between 63655197 and 63661963. Local order and flanked genes are reported. B) Map of a SERPINB3 transcript mRNA (NM_006919.2) showing its organization in 8 exon.

Description

According to the NCBI map viewer, the gene is located on chromosome 18q21.3 (NCBI Reference Sequence: NC_000018.10) and encompasses 6767 bp.

Transcription

The SERPINB3 gene comprises eight exons and seven introns which commonly encoded a 1,793 kb mRNA. The ATG start is located in exon 2 with the stop codon in exon 8.
Transcription control is regulated by STAT3. STAT3 occupies the promoter of SERPINB3/B4 and siRNA removal of SERPINB3/B4 mRNA caused cell death in HN13 head and neck cancer cells. Thus persistently activated STAT3 is a required part of the continuous activation of SERPINB3/B4 genes, which protects tumor cells from dying (Ahmed and Darnell, 2009).
Moreover recent mechanistic experiments and ChIP assays reveal that SERPINB3 increased expression in response to hypoxic conditions is specifically mediated by the binding of HIF-2α to the SERPINB3 promoter (Cannito et al., 2014).

Pseudogene

No known pseudogene.

Proteins

Atlas Image
Figure 2. SERPINB3 protein mature chain. Site of Reactive Center Loop (RSL) (blue), and described variants (green) are indicated. Potential site of splicing variant missing amino acids 205-256 are also reported (yellow).

Description

SERPINB3 encodes a 390 amino acid 44,56 Kda protein, which shows sequence homology to the ovalbumin family of serine protease inhibitors (Ov-serpin) (Remold-ODonnell, 1993), a subfamily of the large serpin superfamily. Serpins have a highly ordered tertiary structure defined by the crystal structure of the prototype molecule α1-antitrypsin, consisting of nine α-helices and three β-sheets arranged in a stressed configuration with the reactive center, which has the unusual feature of being the most variable region, located in an exposed loop (Hunt and Dayhoff, 1980).
The mechanism of protease inhibition by serpins involves a profound change in conformation, initiated by interaction of the protease with the reactive site loop of the serpin (RSL) (amino acids 340-368). RSL consists of a loop projecting from the body of the protein, comprising a hinge region and a variable RSL (Huntington et al., 2000).
Biochemical analysis of recombinant SERPINB3 shows that it is a potent cross-class inhibitor of papain-like cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin L, cathepsin S and cathepsin K (Schick et al., 1998).
An isoform produced by alternative splicing has been reported. The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence for 205-256 amino acid missing (Fig.2).

Expression

SERPINB3 is expressed in the spinous and granular layers of normal squamous epithelium, in several organs including: epithelium of the tongue, esophagus, tonsil, cervix uterine, vagina, Hassals corpuscles of the thymus and some areas of the skin. SERPINB3 was also detected in saliva, respiratory secretions and amniotic fluid samples from healthy individuals (Kato, 1996; Cataltepe et al., 2000). Moreover, SERPINB3 was recently reported to be expressed on CD27+ B lymphocytes (Vidalino et al., 2012).
In particular, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed positive staining in sweat glands in the dermis of the skin, endothelial cells of the veins and arteries walls in the intestine.
Within the normal liver, SERPINB3 protein expression was seen in portal interlobular ducts, in the walls (myocytes of the media) of the large and medium sized hepatic arteries and sometimes in the endothelial cells of the portal veins.
Normal hepatocytes, sinusoidal cells and Kupffer cells do not exhibit any reactivity, except some hepatocytes in the limiting plate that can show focal faint positivity (Turato et al., 2012).
HepCAM positive liver stem cells from both foetal and adult livers also express SERPINB3 (Villano et al., 2014).
Initially, SERPINB3 was discovered as a serological marker for advanced squamous cell tumors in the cervix (Uemura et al., 2000), and was later found to be associated with other types of cancer with epithelial or endodermal origins. Moreover, elevated expression of SERPINB3 is associated with high-grade breast carcinoma and correlates with estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor double negative tumors as well as with a poor prognosis for breast cancer patients (Catanzaro et al., 2011).

Localisation

SERPINB3 may be found in cytoplasmic and pericellular locations (Uemura et al., 2000). Moreover an additional surface localization for this serpin has been reported (De Falco et al., 2001; Vidalino et al., 2012).
Although it was initially reported that SERPINB3 is a cytosolic protein, its nuclear localization has been also described recently, expanding the potential range of physiological functions of this molecule. Under certain conditions, such as following exposure to UV irradiation, SERPINB3 is translocated into the nucleus. Although SERPINB3 does not possess a nuclear localization signal, it binds with c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1), and upon JNK1 activation SERPINB3 enters the nucleus (Katagiri et al., 2006).
In addition, other studies have shown that SERPINB3 may be secreted in serum and can predict HCC development in patients with cirrhosis (Pontisso et al., 2006).

Function

SERPINB3 is physiologically involved in the regulation of differentiation in normal squamous epithelium and is overexpressed in neoplastic tissue of epithelial origin, where it might be involved in the apoptotic pathway as a protease inhibitor (Suminami et al., 1998).
Regarding their role in normal epithelia, it has been suggested that SCCA isoforms may protect from bacterial, viral cystein proteases (Suminami et al., 1998), and mast cell chymase (Schick et al., 1997).
As a protease inhibitor, SERPINB3 is able to inhibit cysteine proteases (cathepsins L, S, K and papain) (Schick et al., 1998), and in cancer cells it confers resistance to drug-induced apoptosis by inhibiting lysosomal cathepsin proteases (Suminami et al., 2000). However, under a variety of stress conditions SERPINB3 displays an anti-apoptotic function unrelated to its proteinase inhibition activity (Vidalino et al., 2009; Ciscato et al., 2014). Indeed, SERPINB3 protects cells from exposure to radiation through an inhibitory effect either on the MAP family of c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) (Katagiri et al., 2006) and the interaction between SERPINB3 and JNK1 was also supported by the crystallographic study (Zheng et al., 2009); or with a decreased phosphorylation of the proapoptotic p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase on p38 (Murakami et al., 2001). In epithelial ovarian cancer cells exposed to cisplatin, SERPINB3 expression is associated with drug resistance and poor progression-free survival (Ullman et al., 2011; Lim et al., 2012), whereas it inhibits the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c in squamous cell carcinoma after treatment with TNF-α (Hashimoto et al., 2005), or with DNA alkylating agents (Ullman et al., 2011).
Moreover, SERPINB3 expression is associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer treated with anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Collie-Duguid et al., 2012) and in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer a high SERPINB3 expression is a prognostic factor for platinum resistance and shorter progression-free survival (Lim et al., 2012).
In addition, recent results, reported that SERPINB3 protects from oxidative damage by chemotherapeutics through inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I (Ciscato et al., 2014).
Experiments carried out with serum-derived HBV particles have demonstrated that isolated SERPINB3 protein is able to bind preS1 encoded sequence HBV surface protein, allowing virus entry into human hepatocytes and also peripheral blood mononuclear cells, underlying its potential biological role in HBV infection (De Falco et al., 2001; Pontisso et al., 1991; Ruvoletto et al., 2004).
This serpin induces also cell proliferation and deregulation of adhesion processes, leading to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with increased invasiveness potential (Quarta et al., 2010). In addition, it has been reported that it induces TGF-β expression (Calabrese et al., 2008; Turato et al., 2010) and promotes fibrogenesis in experimental models (Lunardi et al., 2011).
In addition, SERPINB3 may enhance its oncogenic potential through inhibition of several tumor suppressive miRNAs (Turato et al., 2014a) and could play a role in the development of cancer phenotype.
More recently, it has been reported that increased SERPINB3 expression leads to inhibition of protein turnover, unfolded protein response, activation of NF-kB and is essential for Ras-mediated cytokine production and tumour growth (Catanzaro et al., 2014).

Homology

SERPINB3 and SERPINB4 isoforms, also known as squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 and 2 (SCCA1 and SCCA2) are highly homologous, 91% identical at the amino acid level (Suminami et al., 1991), share conserved tertiary structure, and use a unique conformational rearrangement for their inhibitory activity (Stein et al., 1990). However, SERPINB3 and SERPINB4 show distinct properties and substrates: SERPINB3 inhibits papain-like cysteine proteinases, cathepsins K, L, and S while SCCA2 inhibits chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases, cathepsin G and mast cell chymase (Takeda et al., 1995; Schick et al., 1997).
In mouse, SCCA locus (SERPINB3 and SERPINB4) was expanded and contained four genes, Serpinb3a, -b3b, -b3c, and -b3d, and three pseudogenes, Serpinb3-ps1, -ps-2, and -ps-3. Percentage protein sequences identity: 55-59%) (Askew et al., 2004).
Moreover similarity-to-human data found for SERPINB3 was found in: worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), mosquito (Anopheles gambiae), chicken (Gallus gallus), mouse (Mus musculus), rattus (Rattus norvegicus) and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).

Mutations

Note

Maps of different Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in human SERPINB3 are reported in Fig.2. Only SNP rs3180227 has beeen well characterised (Turato et al., 2009).
This polymorphic variant (also know as SCCA-PD) presents the 351G/A mutation in the variable reactive site loop (RSL) of the protein (GenBank accession number: AY190327).
The prevalence of SCCA-PD was 24% in the normal population, while in patients with cirrhosis it was 45%, supporting the hypothesis of a higher contribution of this isoform to liver disease progression. In addition, the specific amino acid change detected in the reactive center of this SNP might confer a different biological behavior to the serpin improving the antiprotease activity of SERPINB3 (Turato et al., 2011).

Implicated in

Entity name
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Note
Several papers have documented the key role of SERPINB3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
SERPINB3 is almost undetectable in normal liver but it is expressed in HCC cells and in cells of highly dysplastic nodules and hepatocytes of peri-tumoral cirrhotic tissue, suggesting that SERPINB3 expression may represent a relatively early event in hepatocarcinogenesis (Guido et al., 2008).
SERPINB3 has been proposed as a serological biomarker that, alone or in combination with α-fetoprotein, may improve the sensitivity of HCC diagnosis (Beneduce et al., 2005; Giannelli et al., 2007a). Circulating SERPINB3-IgM immuno-complexes have been described in cirrhotic patients at higher risk of HCC development (Pontisso et al., 2006) and in patients with HCC diagnosis (Beneduce et al., 2005).
Moreover, it has been reported that human hepatoma cells, stably transfected in order to over-express SERPINB3, exhibited a significant increase in proliferation rate and unequivocal evidence of invasiveness and Epithelial to Mesenchimal Transition, then potentially acting as a putative paracrine mediator able to favor cancer cell growth and metastatic invasiveness (Quarta et al., 2010).
In addition a very recent study revealed that high levels of SERPINB3 were detectable in 22% of HCCs specimens from cirrhotic patients and were found to be significantly associated with early tumor recurrence, then representing a candidate prognostic marker able to identify the subset of most aggressive HCCs (Turato et al., 2014b).
Entity name
Lung cancer
Note
Elevated levels of Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) is secreted by non-small cell lung tumours (NSCLC) and can be detected in serum (Mino et al., 1988).
It has been reported that preoperative SCC-Ag level in serum and its postoperative decrease have prognostic significance in NSCLC (Vassilakopoulos et al., 2001).
Moreover, in another study, tumor transcriptome analysis has revealed the predictive and prognostic impact of lysosomal protease inhibitors (SERPINB3 and cystatin C) with clinical response in platinum-based chemotherapy - treated in NSCLC patients (Petty et al., 2006). These molecules potentially represent novel targets for NSCLC therapeutics.
Entity name
Ovarian cancer
Note
In a model of human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using chickens, the most relevant animal model, SERPINB3 mRNA was induced in cancerous, but not normal ovaries, and it was abundant only in the glandular epithelium of cancerous ovaries of chickens.
In addition, strong expression of SERPINB3 protein was reported as prognostic factor for platinum drug resistance and for poor progression-free survival in patients with EOC (Lim et al., 2012).
Entity name
Breast cancer
Note
Elevated expression of SERPINB3 is associated with both high grade and advanced stage human breast carcinomas. In addition, it has been reported that SCCA-positive breast tumors have a worse clinical outcome, including decreased overall survival and recurrence free survival (Catanzaro et al., 2011).
Furthermore, SERPINB3 positivity predicted poor survival in patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy (Collie-Duguid et al., 2012).
The implication of SERPINB3 in breast cancer may provide a novel diagnostic approach that will help to understand the initiation and advancement of breast cancer and provide new therapeutic options.
Entity name
Hepatoblastoma
Note
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver malignancy in early childhood and it is considered an embryonal tumour of the liver.
According to a recent paper, SERPINB3 was overexpressed in 79% of the cases of HBs. Moreover, by immunohistochemistry SERPINB3 expression was found mainly in the embryonic, blastemal, small cell undifferentiated (SCUD) components of HB. High SERPINB3 reactivity was also detected in neoplastic cell clusters of portal vein tumour thrombosis. Furthermore a direct correlation was observed between SERPINB3 gene expression and tumour extension, suggesting that this serpin might help in defining the risk profile of children affected by this neoplasm (Turato et al., 2012).
Entity name
Autoimmune disorders
Note
Alteration in serpin function was shown to associate with deregulation of cell survival as well as with some autoimmune traits, meaning that people carrying serpin dysfunction often display an altered immune response. A recent study explored SERPINB3 expression in patients with impaired immune response to assess the potential involvement of SERPINB3 in the deregulation of B-cell reactivity.
Although serpins mainly act at the intracellular level, membrane-bound expression of SERPINB3 was recently demonstrated also on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, especially on CD27+ B cells. Interestingly, SERPINB3 was found to be absent on autoimmune diseases as SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) CD27+ B lymphocytes, consistent with its expression being suppressed by high levels of type I interferon, which is a typical finding in SLE (Vidalino et al., 2012).
Since SERPINB3 displays an antiapoptotic behavior, alterations in its expression might contribute to the apoptotic deregulation seen in SLE, thereby increasing the autoantigen burden (Vidalino et al., 2009). Then, SERPINB3 expression and CD27 positivity were found to be directly related, suggesting that this serpin might also be implicated in normal B cell activation. It has to be noted that the peripheral B cell repertoire and particularly CD27+ B cell number is heterogeneously altered in SLE (Korganow et al., 2010).
In summary, these results may suggest a role for SERPINB3 in maintaining immune homeostasis, and that the impairment in serpin function may contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders.
Entity name
Lung fibrosis
Note
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with its histopathological signature of usual interstitial pneumonia is a chronic progressive disorder of interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology with a poor prognosis.
It has been reported overexpression of SERPINB3 in lung tissue of IPF patients compared with other forms of interstitial lung diseases and normal lungs. In IPF, SERPINB3 was abnormally secreted by metaplastic epithelial cells other than bronchial cells where it is normally expressed (Calabrese et al., 2008).
Moreover, mice transgenic for human SERPINB3, showed higher TGF-β expression and more extended pulmonary fibrosis than controls (Lunardi et al., 2011).
In addition, it has been reported that SERPINB3 immunocomplexed is increased in scleroderma patients with lung fibrosis (Giannelli et al., 2007b).
Entity name
Cholesteatoma
Note
Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process.
Recent data suggest that SERPINB3, STAT3, cathepsin K, and cathepsin L are associated with the proliferation and growth of cholesteatoma and that these proteins may be influential factors in cholesteatoma growth (Ho et al., 2012).
Entity name
Skin disease
Note
Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors are associated with the stratum corneum (SC) barrier disruption. In the study of Katagiri C, it has been reported a high correlation between SERPINB3 and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This finding was confirmed by means of a barrier disruption study with a topical oleic acid treatment: subjects with high levels of SERPINB3 readily developed impaired SC barrier function. Furthermore, SERPINB3 content showed a very high correlation with the number of parakeratotic cells in the cornified layer of the skin. These findings indicate that SERPINB3 can be considered a marker of parakeratosis and may play an inhibitory role in the process of nuclear digestion (Katagiri et al., 2010).
Psoriatic Skin
It has been also reported that Cathepsin L (a target of SERPINB3) is one of the lysosomal acid proteinases recently identified in psoriatic epidermis (Kawada et al., 1997) together with various proteinases including tryptase, chymase, and cathepsin G (targets of SERPINB4: see homology in previous paragraph) released by degranulation in psoriatic lesion (Harvima et al., 1993).
Takeda A, et al., have shown that SERPINB3/4 isoforms (SERPINB3 and SERPINB4) are indeed predominantly present along the periphery of the intercellular space in the upper spinous cell layer of psoriatic epidermis from patients with a high serum SERPINB3/4 level. In addition, SERPINB3/4 immunoreactivity was detected around the degranulated cells near the dermo-epidermal junction as well as in the granules of filtrated cells. Furthermore, strong positive staining for SERPINB3/4 was also found in nuclei of granular layer cells and a considerable number of cells in the elongated rete rete ridges of psoriatic epidermis. In particular, SERPINB3 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed in all normal skin, and significantly overexpressed in psoriatic skin tissues. On the other hand, SERPINB4 mRNA expression was specific for psoriatic skin tissues, while it was absent in normal epidermis (Takeda et al., 2002)
Entity name
Asthma related pathology
Note
A protective role of SERPINB3 in asthma was initially suggested by a microarray analysis of human bronchial epithelial cell cultures after stimulation with IL-4 and IL-13 (Hansel and Diette, 2007). This serpin may exert its protective role by inhibiting endogenous proteases associated with the inflammatory response.
Further studies indicated that SERPINB3 serum levels were increased in patients with bronchial asthma, asthma exacerbation and in patients with allergic rhinitis (Izuhara, 2003; Nishi et al., 2005; Suzuki et al., 2010).

Bibliography

Pubmed IDLast YearTitleAuthors
190705952009Serpin B3/B4, activated by STAT3, promote survival of squamous carcinoma cells.Ahmed ST et al
152032152004Comparative genomic analysis of the clade B serpin cluster at human chromosome 18q21: amplification within the mouse squamous cell carcinoma antigen gene locus.Askew DJ et al
158872222005Squamous cell carcinoma antigen-immunoglobulin M complexes as novel biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma.Beneduce L et al
183444082008Overexpression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: clinicopathological correlations.Calabrese F et al
255447682015Hypoxia up-regulates SERPINB3 through HIF-2α in human liver cancer cells.Cannito S et al
106535922000Co-expression of the squamous cell carcinoma antigens 1 and 2 in normal adult human tissues and squamous cell carcinomas.Cataltepe S et al
247597832014Oncogenic Ras induces inflammatory cytokine production by upregulating the squamous cell carcinoma antigens SerpinB3/B4.Catanzaro JM et al
248107142014SERPINB3 protects from oxidative damage by chemotherapeutics through inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I.Ciscato F et al
216954602012SerpinB3, a new prognostic tool in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Collie-Duguid ES et al
113891432001Cloning and expression of a novel hepatitis B virus-binding protein from HepG2 cells.De Falco S et al
180786392007Squamous cellular carcinoma immunocomplexed is increased in scleroderma patients with lung fibrosis.Giannelli G et al
178931212008Squamous cell carcinoma antigen in human liver carcinogenesis.Guido M et al
172022892007Gene expression profiling in human asthma.Hansel NN et al
83429611993Mast cell tryptase and chymase in developing and mature psoriatic lesions.Harvima IT et al
160067702005Effect of SCCA1 and SCCA2 on the suppression of TNF-alpha-induced cell death by impeding the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c in an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line.Hashimoto K et al
232391412012Cholesteatoma growth and proliferation: relevance with serpin B3.Ho KY et al
69682111980A surprising new protein superfamily containing ovalbumin, antithrombin-III, and alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor.Hunt LT et al
110576742000Structure of a serpin-protease complex shows inhibition by deformation.Huntington JA et al
129405092003The role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in the non-immunologic aspects of asthma pathogenesis.Izuhara K et al
200893822010Up-regulation of serpin SCCA1 is associated with epidermal barrier disruption.Katagiri C et al
86945351996Expression and function of squamous cell carcinoma antigen.Kato H et al
90490421997Processing of cathepsins L, B and D in psoriatic epidermis.Kawada A et al
199633482010Peripheral B cell abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in quiescent phase: decreased memory B cells and membrane CD19 expression.Korganow AS et al
231854672012SERPINB3 in the chicken model of ovarian cancer: a prognostic factor for platinum resistance and survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.Lim W et al
214036422011Overexpression of SERPIN B3 promotes epithelial proliferation and lung fibrosis in mice.Lunardi F et al
28401871988Availability of tumor-antigen 4 as a marker of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and other organs.Mino N et al
112591032001Squamous cell carcinoma antigen suppresses radiation-induced cell death.Murakami A et al
158012522005Squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen in children with acute asthma.Nishi N et al
165498232006Tumor transcriptome reveals the predictive and prognostic impact of lysosomal protease inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer.Petty RD et al
165506052006Progressive increase of SCCA-IgM immune complexes in cirrhotic patients is associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma.Pontisso P et al
205270272010SERPINB3 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Quarta S et al
84179651993The ovalbumin family of serpin proteins.Remold-O'Donnell E et al
149936462004Surface expression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) can be increased by the preS1(21-47) sequence of hepatitis B virus.Ruvoletto MG et al
89998711997Squamous cell carcinoma antigen 2 is a novel serpin that inhibits the chymotrypsin-like proteinases cathepsin G and mast cell chymase.Schick C et al
95487571998Cross-class inhibition of the cysteine proteinases cathepsins K, L, and S by the serpin squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1: a kinetic analysis.Schick C et al
77245311995A serine proteinase inhibitor locus at 18q21.3 contains a tandem duplication of the human squamous cell carcinoma antigen gene.Schneider SS et al
147702952004Human clade B serpins (ov-serpins) belong to a cohort of evolutionarily dispersed intracellular proteinase inhibitor clades that protect cells from promiscuous proteolysis.Silverman GA et al
23954631990Crystal structure of ovalbumin as a model for the reactive centre of serpins.Stein PE et al
107327752000Inhibition of apoptosis in human tumour cells by the tumour-associated serpin, SCC antigen-1.Suminami Y et al
201281822010Relationship between squamous cell carcinoma antigen and the clinical severity of allergic rhinitis caused by Dermatophagoides farinae and Japanese cedar pollen.Suzuki K et al
118518882002Overexpression of serpin squamous cell carcinoma antigens in psoriatic skin.Takeda A et al
78515351995Squamous cell carcinoma antigen is a potent inhibitor of cysteine proteinase cathepsin L.Takeda A et al
12900291992Expression of mRNA of SCC antigen in squamous cells.Takeshima N et al
213830482011Increased antiprotease activity of the SERPINB3 polymorphic variant SCCA-PD.Turato C et al
217372552012Over-expression of SERPINB3 in hepatoblastoma: a possible insight into the genesis of this tumour?Turato C et al
202124572010SERPINB3 modulates TGF-beta expression in chronic liver disease.Turato C et al
186574892009Squamous cell carcinoma antigen-1 (SERPINB3) polymorphism in chronic liver disease.Turato C et al
244960372014MicroRNAs and SerpinB3 in hepatocellular carcinoma.Turato C et al
248097822014SERPINB3 is associated with TGF-β1 and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in hepatocellular carcinomas with poor prognosis.Turato C et al
109564122000Circulating serpin tumor markers SCCA1 and SCCA2 are not actively secreted but reside in the cytosol of squamous carcinoma cells.Uemura Y et al
113254842001Diagnostic and prognostic significance of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in non-small cell lung cancer.Vassilakopoulos T et al
228297022012SERPINB3 expression on B-cell surface in autoimmune diseases and hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver infection.Vidalino L et al
245173942014Hepatic progenitor cells express SerpinB3.Villano G et al
191668182009Crystal structure of SCCA1 and insight about the interaction with JNK1.Zheng B et al

Other Information

Locus ID:

NCBI: 6317
MIM: 600517
HGNC: 10569
Ensembl: ENSG00000057149

Variants:

dbSNP: 6317
ClinVar: 6317
TCGA: ENSG00000057149
COSMIC: SERPINB3

RNA/Proteins

Gene IDTranscript IDUniprot
ENSG00000057149ENST00000283752P29508
ENSG00000057149ENST00000332821P29508

Expression (GTEx)

0
100
200
300
400
500
600

Pathways

PathwaySourceExternal ID
AmoebiasisKEGGko05146
AmoebiasisKEGGhsa05146
Immune SystemREACTOMER-HSA-168256
Innate Immune SystemREACTOMER-HSA-168249
Neutrophil degranulationREACTOMER-HSA-6798695

Protein levels (Protein atlas)

Not detected
Low
Medium
High

References

Pubmed IDYearTitleCitations
127739762003Prediction of survival with squamous cell carcinoma antigen in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.32
276686552016Recurrent SERPINB3 and SERPINB4 mutations in patients who respond to anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy.32
193321502009SERPINB3, apoptosis and autoimmunity.29
149708612004Overexpression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen variants in hepatocellular carcinoma.27
181551622008The diagnostic value of the measurement of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), squamous cell cancer antigen (SCC) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the sera of esophageal cancer patients.24
248107142014SERPINB3 protects from oxidative damage by chemotherapeutics through inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I.21
215261542011Elevated expression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is associated with human breast carcinoma.20
194235402009Common variation in genes related to innate immunity and risk of adult glioma.19
159063572005SCCA antigen combined with alpha-fetoprotein as serologic markers of HCC.18
217372552012Over-expression of SERPINB3 in hepatoblastoma: a possible insight into the genesis of this tumour?18

Citation

Cristian Turato ; Patrizia Pontisso

SERPINB3 (Serpin Peptidase Inhibitor, Clade B (Ovalbumin), Member 3)

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2014-06-01

Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/gene/42265/serpinb3