del(13q) in multiple myeloma

Identity

ICD-Topo	C420,C421,C424 BLOOD, BONE MARROW, & HEMATOPOIETIC SYS
ICD-Morpho	9732/3 Plasma cell myeloma / Multiple myeloma
Atlas_Id	2094
	del(13q) G- banding - Courtesy Melanie Zenger and Claudia Haferlach.

Clinics and Pathology

Disease	Multiple myeloma (MM) is a monoclonal B-cell malignancy, which originates theoretically in lymph node germinal centers but locates and expands in bone marrow. It represents 10% of all the hematopoietic cancers, with a great variability in clinical presentation, response to therapy and survival duration. In more than 1/3 of cases, MM can be preceded by a phase of monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS). At the extreme it can evolve in plasma blast acute leukemia.
Phenotype / cell stem origin	malignant myeloma cells are long-lived cells with morphological features varying from normal to dystrophic considering size of the cells, presence of nucleolar structures and aspect of the chromatin. Immunophenotype includes inconstant expression of CD56, CD38, CD40 and CD138.
Epidemiology	del(13q) is detected in 15-20% of MM patients by conventional karyotype and in 33-52% of cases by FISH analysis
Prognosis	-13/del(13q) appears as one of the main prognostic factors with ?2-microglobulin serum level and the percentage of bone marrow plasma cells. Patients with del(13q) have a significantly lower event-free survival, overall survival and complete remission duration, either in standard-dose or in high dose therapy protocols.

Cytogenetics

Cytogenetics Morphological

del(13q) is a frequent occurrence in chronic lymphoproliferative diseases and in non Hodgkin lymphoma. del(13q) in MM is rarely observed as a sole anomaly; detected both in hyperdiploid and hypodiploid karyotypes, but with a higher incidence in hypodiploi forms; consequently, according to some authors, the prognostic value of del(13q) should have to be related to the ploidy. it is considered as a secondary event, however occurring early in the evolution of MM because it is observed in patients with MGUS. The minimal common region of deletion is in band 13q14.3, the same as in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Del(13q) is clearly underscored by karyotyping because a number of deletions are submicroscopic or only detected in interphase nuclei. It involves rb-1, and loci D13S319 and D13S272 which are approximately 100kb distal from rb-1. rb-1 deletion / mutation would be a key event in MM evolution; however other gene(s) would be involved at 13q14.3 because rb-1 and D13S319 deletions are dissociated in some cases.

Bibliography

14q32 translocations and monosomy 13 observed in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance delineate a multistep process for the oncogenesis of multiple myeloma. Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome.

Avet-Loiseau H, Facon T, Daviet A, Godon C, Rapp MJ, Harousseau JL, Grosbois B, Bataille R

Cancer research. 1999 ; 59 (18) : 4546-4550.

PMID 10493504

Frequent monoallelic loss of D13S319 in multiple myeloma patients shown by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Chang H, Bouman D, Boerkoel CF, Stewart AK, Squire JA

Leukemia : official journal of the Leukemia Society of America, Leukemia Research Fund, U.K. 1999 ; 13 (1) : 105-109.

PMID 10049044

Results of high-dose therapy for 1000 patients with multiple myeloma: durable complete remissions and superior survival in the absence of chromosome 13 abnormalities.

Desikan R, Barlogie B, Sawyer J, Ayers D, Tricot G, Badros A, Zangari M, Munshi NC, Anaissie E, Spoon D, Siegel D, Jagannath S, Vesole D, Epstein J, Shaughnessy J, Fassas A, Lim S, Roberson P, Crowley J

Blood. 2000 ; 95 (12) : 4008-4010.

PMID 10845942

Deletions of chromosome 13q in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.

Königsberg R, Ackermann J, Kaufmann H, Zojer N, Urbauer E, Krömer E, Jäger U, Gisslinger H, Schreiber S, Heinz R, Ludwig H, Huber H, Drach J

Leukemia : official journal of the Leukemia Society of America, Leukemia Research Fund, U.K. 2000 ; 14 (11) : 1975-1979.

PMID 11069034

High incidence of chromosome 13 deletion in multiple myeloma detected by multiprobe interphase FISH.

Shaughnessy J, Tian E, Sawyer J, Bumm K, Landes R, Badros A, Morris C, Tricot G, Epstein J, Barlogie B

Blood. 2000 ; 96 (4) : 1505-1511.

PMID 10942398

Deletion of 13q14 remains an independent adverse prognostic variable in multiple myeloma despite its frequent detection by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Zojer N, Königsberg R, Ackermann J, Fritz E, Dallinger S, Krömer E, Kaufmann H, Riedl L, Gisslinger H, Schreiber S, Heinz R, Ludwig H, Huber H, Drach J

Blood. 2000 ; 95 (6) : 1925-1930.

PMID 10706856

Citation

This paper should be referenced as such :

Viguié, F

del(13q) in multiple myeloma

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2001;5(2):123-124.

Free journal version : [ pdf ]   [ DOI ]

On line version : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Anomalies/del13qMMyeloID2094.html

Translocations implicated (Data extracted from papers in the Atlas)

	del(13q) in multiple myeloma

External links

Mitelman database	del(13q) [Case List]    del(13q) [Association List] Mitelman database (CGAP - NCBI)
arrayMap	Topo ( C42) Morph ( 9732/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich)  [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ]   [tabulated segments]
Disease database	del(13q) in multiple myeloma

REVIEW articles	automatic search in PubMed
Last year articles	automatic search in PubMed
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indexed on : Fri Jun 30 11:22:09 CEST 2017

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