t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM

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t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM

Written	2016-07	Jean Loup Huret
		Medical Genetics, Dept Medical Information, University Hospital, F-86021 Poitiers, France. Jean-loup.huret@chu-poitiers.fr

Abstract Review on t(3;7)(q26;q21), with data on clinics, and the genes involved.

Keywords chromosome 3; t(3;7)(q26;q21); MECOM

(Note : for Links provided by Atlas : click)

Identity

ICD-Topo C420,C421,C424

ICD-Morpho 9975/3 Chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1 positive; Myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable; Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable

ICD-Morpho 9865/3 AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214v AML with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2);RPN1-EVI1

ICD-Morpho 9861/3 AML with mutated NPM1; AML with mutated CEBPA; Acute myeloid leukaemia, NOS

ICD-Morpho 9989/3 Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable

Atlas_Id 1672

Clinics and Pathology

Disease Myeloid malignancies.

Phenotype / cell stem origin Fifteen cases are available (Tien et al., 1989; Henzan et al., 2004; Storlazzi et al., 2004; Madrigal et al., 2006; Bobadilla et al., 2007; Colovic et al., 2011; Haferlach et al., 2012). There were 4 chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC), one myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 10 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases.

Epidemiology t(3;7)(q26;q21) represented about 1% of a cohort of 606 AML and 377 MDS patients with normal karyotypes (n = 594) or chromosome 7 alterations (-7/7q-; n = 389). Median age was 51 years (range 47-70) (Haferlach et al., 2012). In 6 other patients, ages were, 18, 41, 56, 58, 61 and 71 years. Of 7 cases with data on the patient'sex; there were 6 male and 1 female patient.

Cytogenetics Cryptic rearrangement.

Prognosis Poor prognosis. Survival outcomes in 22 patients with cryptic MECOM rearrangements (der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21), inv(3)(p24q26), and t(3;21)(q26;q11), altogether) were compared with inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) cases. Median overall survival was 9.4 months in the subgroup with cryptic MECOM rearrangements which was not significantly different from the 21.8 months in patients with an inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) (Haferlach et al., 2012). The 3 other patients with t(3;7)(q26;q21) and survival data died 4, 6, and 26 months after diagnosis.

Cytogenetics

Cytogenetics Morphological There were 6 cases of balanced form t(3;7)(q26;q21) (the 4 CML-BC and 2 AMLs), and 9 cases of unbalanced form der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21) (1 MDS, and 8 AMLs). CML-BC cases also showed the typical t(9;22)(q34;q11). No other additional chromosome abnormality was found in any documented case.

Genes involved and Proteins

Gene Name MECOM

Location 3q26

Note MECOM is a nuclear transcription factor that plays an essential role in the proliferation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells and can inhibit myeloid differentiation. Two alternative forms exists, one generated from EVI1, the other MECOM (MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus) through intergenic splicing with MDS1 (myelodysplasia syndrome 1), a gene located 140 kb upstream of EVI1.

Protein The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional regulator involved in cell differentiation and proliferation, and apoptosis. The encoded protein can interact with transcriptional coactivators (P/CAF, CBP) and corepressors (CTBP1, HDAC) as well as other transcription factors (GATA1, Smad3) (de Braekeleer et al., 2012)

Gene Name CDK6

Location 7q21.2

Protein Serine/threonine-protein kinase; it was regarded as a mere homolog of CDK4 with overlapping functions in the initiation of the cell cycle. CCND1 (cyclin D1) is an activator of CDK4/ CDK6. CDK4 and CDK6 associate with D-type cyclins, to go through from the G1 phase to the S phase. CDK6 is overexpressed and/or amplified in leukemias and lymphomas, glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. CDK6 can regulate transcription independently of its kinase activity (Tigan et al., 2016).

Result of the chromosomal anomaly

Fusion Protein
Oncogenesis Increased MECOM expression was noted.

Bibliography

An interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation assay for the detection of 3q26.2/EVI1 rearrangements in myeloid malignancies.

Bobadilla D, Enriquez EL, Alvarez G, Gaytan P, Smith D, Slovak ML.

Br J Haematol. 2007 Mar;136(6):806-13.

PMID 17341266

Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide.

Colović M, Suvajdić N, Janković G, Tomin D, Colović N, Fekete MD, Palibrk V.

Biomed Pharmacother. 2011 Aug;65(5):319-21. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.04.006. Epub 2011 Jun 1.

PMID 21775097

Three novel cytogenetically cryptic EVI1 rearrangements associated with increased EVI1 expression and poor prognosis identified in 27 acute myeloid leukemia cases.

Haferlach C, Bacher U, Grossmann V, Schindela S, Zenger M, Kohlmann A, Kern W, Haferlach T, Schnittger S.

Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2012 Dec;51(12):1079-85. doi: 10.1002/gcc.21992. Epub 2012 Aug 8.

PMID 22887804

Myeloid/natural killer cell blast crisis representing an additional translocation, t(3;7)(q26;q21) in Philadelphia-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Henzan H, Yoshimoto G, Okeda A, Nagasaki Y, Hirano G, Takase K, Tanimoto T, Miyamoto T, Fukuda T, Nagafuji K, Harada M.

Ann Hematol. 2004 Dec;83(12):784-8. Epub 2004 Aug 18.

PMID 15322764

Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies using BAC clones of the EVI1 locus in hematological malignancies with 3q rearrangements.

Madrigal I, Carrió A, Gómez C, Rozman M, Esteve J, Nomdedeu B, Campo E, Costa D.

Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2006 Oct 15;170(2):115-20.

PMID 17011981

A novel chromosomal translocation t(3;7)(q26;q21) in myeloid leukemia resulting in overexpression of EVI1.

Storlazzi CT, Anelli L, Albano F, Zagaria A, Ventura M, Rocchi M, Panagopoulos I, Pannunzio A, Ottaviani E, Liso V, Specchia G.

Ann Hematol. 2004 Feb;83(2):78-83. Epub 2003 Oct 10.

PMID 14551738

Chromosomal characteristics of Ph-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in transformation. A study of 23 Chinese patients in Taiwan.

Tien HF, Chuang SM, Wang CH, Lee FY, Chien SH, Chen YC, Shen MC, Liu CH.

Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1989 May;39(1):89-97.

PMID 2731152

CDK6-a review of the past and a glimpse into the future: from cell-cycle control to transcriptional regulation.

Tigan AS, Bellutti F, Kollmann K, Tebb G, Sexl V.

Oncogene. 2016 Jun 16;35(24):3083-91. doi: 10.1038/onc.2015.407. Epub 2015 Oct 26. Review.

PMID 26500059

inv(3)(q21q26)x2

de Braekeleer E, Douet-Guilbert, N, Le Bris MJ, Basink A, Morel F, de Braekeleer M.

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2013;17(7):491-493.

Citation

This paper should be referenced as such :

Huret JL

t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM;

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. in press

On line version : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Anomalies/t0307q26q21ID1672.html

Translocations implicated (Data extracted from papers in the Atlas)

t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM

External links

Mitelman database t(3;7)(q26;q21) [Case List] t(3;7)(q26;q21) [Association List] Mitelman database (CGAP - NCBI)
arrayMap Morph ( 9975/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]

arrayMap Morph ( 9865/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]

arrayMap Morph ( 9861/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]

arrayMap Morph ( 9989/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]

Disease database t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM

REVIEW articles automatic search in PubMed

Last year articles automatic search in PubMed

All articles automatic search in PubMed

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For comments and suggestions or contributions, please contact us

jlhuret@AtlasGeneticsOncology.org.

ICD-Topo	C420,C421,C424
ICD-Morpho	9975/3 Chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1 positive; Myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable; Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable
ICD-Morpho	9865/3 AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34); DEK-NUP214v AML with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2);RPN1-EVI1
ICD-Morpho	9861/3 AML with mutated NPM1; AML with mutated CEBPA; Acute myeloid leukaemia, NOS
ICD-Morpho	9989/3 Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable
Atlas_Id	1672

Disease	Myeloid malignancies.
Phenotype / cell stem origin	Fifteen cases are available (Tien et al., 1989; Henzan et al., 2004; Storlazzi et al., 2004; Madrigal et al., 2006; Bobadilla et al., 2007; Colovic et al., 2011; Haferlach et al., 2012). There were 4 chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC), one myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 10 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases.
Epidemiology	t(3;7)(q26;q21) represented about 1% of a cohort of 606 AML and 377 MDS patients with normal karyotypes (n = 594) or chromosome 7 alterations (-7/7q-; n = 389). Median age was 51 years (range 47-70) (Haferlach et al., 2012). In 6 other patients, ages were, 18, 41, 56, 58, 61 and 71 years. Of 7 cases with data on the patient'sex; there were 6 male and 1 female patient.
Cytogenetics	Cryptic rearrangement.
Prognosis	Poor prognosis. Survival outcomes in 22 patients with cryptic MECOM rearrangements (der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21), inv(3)(p24q26), and t(3;21)(q26;q11), altogether) were compared with inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) cases. Median overall survival was 9.4 months in the subgroup with cryptic MECOM rearrangements which was not significantly different from the 21.8 months in patients with an inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) (Haferlach et al., 2012). The 3 other patients with t(3;7)(q26;q21) and survival data died 4, 6, and 26 months after diagnosis.

Gene Name	MECOM
Location	3q26
Note	MECOM is a nuclear transcription factor that plays an essential role in the proliferation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells and can inhibit myeloid differentiation. Two alternative forms exists, one generated from EVI1, the other MECOM (MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus) through intergenic splicing with MDS1 (myelodysplasia syndrome 1), a gene located 140 kb upstream of EVI1.
Protein	The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional regulator involved in cell differentiation and proliferation, and apoptosis. The encoded protein can interact with transcriptional coactivators (P/CAF, CBP) and corepressors (CTBP1, HDAC) as well as other transcription factors (GATA1, Smad3) (de Braekeleer et al., 2012)

Gene Name	CDK6
Location	7q21.2
Protein	Serine/threonine-protein kinase; it was regarded as a mere homolog of CDK4 with overlapping functions in the initiation of the cell cycle. CCND1 (cyclin D1) is an activator of CDK4/ CDK6. CDK4 and CDK6 associate with D-type cyclins, to go through from the G1 phase to the S phase. CDK6 is overexpressed and/or amplified in leukemias and lymphomas, glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. CDK6 can regulate transcription independently of its kinase activity (Tigan et al., 2016).

Mitelman database	t(3;7)(q26;q21) [Case List] t(3;7)(q26;q21) [Association List] Mitelman database (CGAP - NCBI)
arrayMap	Morph ( 9975/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]
arrayMap	Morph ( 9865/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]
arrayMap	Morph ( 9861/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]
arrayMap	Morph ( 9989/3) - arrayMap (UZH-SIB Zurich) [auto + random 100 samples .. if exist ] [tabulated segments]


Disease database	t(3;7)(q26;q21) CDK6/MECOM

REVIEW articles	automatic search in PubMed
Last year articles	automatic search in PubMed
All articles	automatic search in PubMed