Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
t(14;19)(q32;q13) in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
| Identity |
| Note | This abnormality is cytogenetically identical but molecularly distinct from the t(14;19) in CLL and other chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders which results in the juxtaposition of BCL3 with IGH on the der(14) and subsequent over expression of the BCL3 protein. |
 | |
| G-banded metaphase showing the t(14;19)(q32;q13). The derivative chromosomes 14 and 19 are arrowed (bottom) G-banded karyogram showing the t(14;19)(q32;q13) and a add(15q).(top) | |
| Clinics and Pathology |
| Disease | Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, B-lineage immunophenotype and FAB L1. |
| Epidemiology | Very rare with only 10 cases reported to date. The estimated incidence in childhood and adult ALL is <1%. Among the reported cases there appears to be a female pre-dominance which is unusual for ALL. The age range of patients is 9 to 28 years with a median of 11.5 years. Thus this abnormality appears confined to adolescents and young adults. |
| Clinics | Typically patients with this abnormality have low white cell count of <10x109/L |
| Prognosis | It is difficult to assess the true prognosis of patients with this abnormality given its rarity, however initial data suggest that the prognosis is better than expected for patients of a similar age. |
| Cytogenetics |
| Note | This balanced translocation can usually be identified by G-banding alone. The breakpoint on chromosome is consistently given as 14q32; however the breakpoint on chromosome is more variable ranging from q11 to q13. The t(14;19) has been described as the sole abnormality in several cases but is more frequently accompanied by additional structural abnormalities; none of which have yet shown to be recurrent. This abnormality has been reported in a single case with Down Syndrome. |
| Genes involved and Proteins |
| Note | The involvement of the IGH gene located at 14q32 has been demonstrated via FISH using the LSI IGH Dual Colour Break Apart Rearrangement Probe in all cases tested. Metaphase and interphase FISH using probes flanking the BCL3 gene have ruled out the involved of this gene; thus distinguishing it from the cytogenetically identical translocation seen in CLL and other chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The target gene on 19q13 is currently thought to lie centromeric of the BCL3 gene, but has not yet been elucidated. |
| External links |
| Other database | t(14;19)(q32;q13) in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | Mitelman database (CGAP - NCBI) | |
| Other database | t(14;19)(q32;q13) in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | CancerChromosomes (NCBI) |
| To be noted |
| Additional cases are needed to delineate the epidemiology of this rare entity: you are welcome to submit a paper to our new Case Report section. |
| Bibliography |
| Karyotypic and clinical findings in a consecutive series of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. |
| Heerema NA, Palmer CG, Baehner RL |
| Cancer genetics and cytogenetics. 1985 ; 17 (2) : 165-179. |
| PMID 3857967 |
| Nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood. |
| Prigogina EL, Puchkova GP, Mayakova SA |
| Cancer genetics and cytogenetics. 1988 ; 32 (2) : 183-203. |
| PMID 3163259 |
| Immunophenotypes and karyotypes of leukemic cells in children with Down syndrome and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
| Pui CH, Raimondi SC, Borowitz MJ, Land VJ, Behm FG, Pullen DJ, Hancock ML, Shuster JJ, Steuber CP, Crist WM |
| Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 1993 ; 11 (7) : 1361-1367. |
| PMID 8315434 |
| Cytogenetic and FISH studies of a single center consecutive series of 152 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias. |
| Andreasson P, Hglund M, Bkssy AN, Garwicz S, Heldrup J, Mitelman F, Johansson B |
| European journal of haematology. 2000 ; 65 (1) : 40-51. |
| PMID 10914938 |
| t(14;19)(q32;q13): a recurrent translocation in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
| Robinson HM, Taylor KE, Jalali GR, Cheung KL, Harrison CJ, Moorman AV |
| Genes, chromosomes & cancer. 2004 ; 39 (1) : 88-92. |
| PMID 14603446 |
| Contributor(s) |
| Written | 09-2004 | Anthony V Moorman, Hazel M Robinson |
| Citation |
| This paper should be referenced as such : |
| Moorman AV, Robinson HM . t(14;19)(q32;q13) in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. Septem
ber 2004 . URL : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Genes/t1419q32q13ALLID1335.html |
| © Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology | indexed on : Mon Aug 11 21:21:00 2008 |
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