ANLN (anillin, actin binding protein)

2009-01-01   Yataro Daigo , Yusuke Nakamura 

Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan

Identity

HGNC
LOCATION
7p14.2
LOCUSID
ALIAS
FSGS8,Scraps,scra
FUSION GENES

DNA/RNA

Description

The ANLN gene consists of 63,969 bases and at least 23 exons.

Transcription

The transcribed mRNA is 4,786 bp.

Proteins

Description

The human ANLN cDNA encodes a protein (1124 amino acids; 124199 Da) that includes an actin-binding domain and a C-terminal domain with pleckstrin homology (PH). It also contains several consensus nuclear localization sequences (NLS) and one consensus SH3-binding motif.

Expression

ANLN is mainly expressed in adult placenta, testis, and spinal cord, and in fetal organs (brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, spleen and thymus).

Localisation

ANLN is mainly found in nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cleavage furrow, and cell cortex.

Function

Anillin (ANLN) was initially characterized as a human homologue of anillin, a Drosophila actin-binding protein. ANLN localizes not only to the cytoplasm but also to nuclei in some proportion of cancer cells; it is likely to present at the cortex following breakdown of the nuclear envelope, and in the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. ANLN plays an important role in cell-cycle progression. In late phases ANLN may assemble the actin and myosin contractile ring that separates daughter cells, through interaction with at least two other furrow proteins, actin and septins (SEPTs). ANLN is supposed to be a substrate of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a ubiquitin ligase that controls mitotic progression.

Implicated in

Entity name
Lung cancer
Prognosis
Nuclear ANLN (n-ANLN) was indicated to be an independent prognostic factor for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Oncogenesis
ANLN interacts with and activates RHOA, and this complex is likely to be essential for the growth-promoting pathway and aggressive features of lung cancers as well as for cell division. Moreover n-ANLN whose nuclear localization and stability are regulated by PI3K/ AKT signaling, appears to regulate the malignant potential of cancer cells.
Entity name
Prostate cancer
Note
Overexpression of ANLN was observed in hormone-refractory prostate cancers (HRPCs)
Entity name
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Note
Overexpression of ANLN was observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs).

Bibliography

Pubmed IDLast YearTitleAuthors
162037642005The septin-binding protein anillin is overexpressed in diverse human tumors.Hall PA et al
179826352007Identification of molecular targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas based on genome-wide gene expression profiling.Shimizu S et al
163571382005ANLN plays a critical role in human lung carcinogenesis through the activation of RHOA and by involvement in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway.Suzuki C et al
175455892007Molecular features of hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells by genome-wide gene expression profiles.Tamura K et al

Other Information

Locus ID:

NCBI: 54443
MIM: 616027
HGNC: 14082
Ensembl: ENSG00000011426

Variants:

dbSNP: 54443
ClinVar: 54443
TCGA: ENSG00000011426
COSMIC: ANLN

RNA/Proteins

Gene IDTranscript IDUniprot
ENSG00000011426ENST00000265748Q9NQW6
ENSG00000011426ENST00000265748A0A024RA49
ENSG00000011426ENST00000396068Q9NQW6
ENSG00000011426ENST00000418118C9J0G4
ENSG00000011426ENST00000424865C9JJT6
ENSG00000011426ENST00000428612H7C3S1
ENSG00000011426ENST00000429082H7C167
ENSG00000011426ENST00000441696H7C0Y6
ENSG00000011426ENST00000446635H7C1K5
ENSG00000011426ENST00000452877H7C3R2
ENSG00000011426ENST00000457743H7C1C2

Expression (GTEx)

0
50
100
150
200
250

Protein levels (Protein atlas)

Not detected
Low
Medium
High

References

Pubmed IDYearTitleCitations
181582432008Anillin is a scaffold protein that links RhoA, actin, and myosin during cytokinesis.139
154964542005Anillin binds nonmuscle myosin II and regulates the contractile ring.97
246766362014Mutations in the gene that encodes the F-actin binding protein anillin cause FSGS.59
218494732011Citron kinase controls abscission through RhoA and anillin.50
160406102005Anillin is a substrate of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) that controls spatial contractility of myosin during late cytokinesis.49
163571382005ANLN plays a critical role in human lung carcinogenesis through the activation of RHOA and by involvement in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway.49
162037642005The septin-binding protein anillin is overexpressed in diverse human tumors.33
225146872012An anillin-Ect2 complex stabilizes central spindle microtubules at the cortex during cytokinesis.32
252236382015Knockdown of ANLN by lentivirus inhibits cell growth and migration in human breast cancer.28
235477182013Systematic antibody generation and validation via tissue microarray technology leading to identification of a novel protein prognostic panel in breast cancer.23

Citation

Yataro Daigo ; Yusuke Nakamura

ANLN (anillin, actin binding protein)

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009-01-01

Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/gene/44318/anln