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| Description | 50kDa; 463 amino acids contains tRNA binding sites, GTP binding and hydrolysis sites and putative actin binding sites (see figure above). |
| Expression | In mice and humans, eEF1A2 is expressed only in normal tissues of the brain, heart and skeletal muscle. Expression is found in tumours of the breast, lung and ovary. |
| Localisation | Diffusely cytoplasmic and nuclear. |
| Function | This protein is an isoform of the alpha subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex. There are two known isoforms of protein elongation factor eEF1A (eEF1A1 and eEF1A2). eEF1A proteins are GTP-binding proteins that interact with amino-acylated tRNA and recruit them to the ribosome during the elongation phase of protein translation. In addition, eEF1A2 binds to and stimulates the lipid kinase activity of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta, the enzyme that catalyzes the generation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate from phosphatidylinositol. eEF1A2 also activates the Akt serine/threonine kinase and can stimulate actin remodeling and increase the rate of cell invasion and migration in vitro. |
| Homology | EEF1A2 is highly homologous to the EEF1A1. EEF1A2 and EEF1A1 share greater than 90% DNA sequence and amino acid identity. The GTP binding and hydrolysis domains also have homology to the Ras GTPase. |
| Protein elongation factor EEF1A2 is a putative oncogene in ovarian cancer. |
| Anand N, Murthy S, Amann G, Wernick M, Porter LA, Cukier IH, Collins C, Gray JW, Diebold J, Demetrick DJ, Lee JM. |
| Nat Genet. 2002 Jul;31(3):301-5. Epub 2002 Jun 10. |
| PMID 12053177 |
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| Translation elongation factor eEF1A2 is a potential oncoprotein that is overexpressed in two-thirds of breast tumours. |
| Tomlinson VA, Newbery HJ, Wray NR, Jackson J, Larionov A, Miller WR, Dixon JM, Abbott CM. |
| BMC Cancer. 2005 Sep 12;5:113. |
| PMID 16156888 |
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| Expression of eEF1A2 is associated with clear cell histology in ovarian carcinomas: overexpression of the gene is not dependent on modifications at the EEF1A2 locus. |
| Tomlinson VA, Newbery HJ, Bergmann JH, Boyd J, Scott D, Wray NR, Sellar GC, Gabra H, Graham A, Williams AR, Abbott CM. |
| Br J Cancer. 2007 May 21;96(10):1613-20. Epub 2007 Apr 17. |
| PMID 17437010 |
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| eEF1A2 activates Akt and stimulates Akt-dependent actin remodeling, invasion and migration. |
| Amiri A, Noei F, Jeganathan S, Kulkarni G, Pinke DE, Lee JM. |
| Oncogene. 2007 May 10;26(21):3027-40. Epub 2006 Nov 20. |
| PMID 17130842 |
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| Binding of elongation factor eEF1A2 to phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta stimulates lipid kinase activity and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate generation. |
| Jeganathan S, Lee JM. |
| J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 5;282(1):372-80. Epub 2006 Nov 6. |
| PMID 17088255 |
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| Expression of protein elongation factor eEF1A2 predicts favorable outcome in breast cancer. |
| Kulkarni G, Turbin DA, Amiri A, Jeganathan S, Andrade-Navarro MA, Wu TD, Huntsman DG, Lee JM. |
| Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Mar;102(1):31-41. Epub 2006 Aug 9. |
| PMID 16897428 |
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| The prognostic significance of elongation factor eEF1A2 in ovarian cancer. |
| Pinke DE, Kalloger SE, Francetic T, Huntsman DG, Lee JM. |
| Gynecol Oncol. 2008 Mar;108(3):561-8. Epub 2007 Dec 31. |
| PMID 18164751 |
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