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| Schematic illustration of the functional domains within the PASD1 protein. PASD1a protein translated from PASD1_v1 (A) and PASD1b translated from PASD1_v2 (B) are shown (Liggins et al., 2004a). |
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Description | Contains a Per Arnt Sim (PAS) domains in the N-terminal regions between aa 32-94 and aa 41-137 (Liggins et al., 2004a). |
Expression | Expression highest in G361 (melanoma) and SW480 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell lines of a panel of nine tested. Expression in 25 of 68 solid tumours on matched tumour/normal arrays (Liggins et al., 2004a). Expression restricted in normal tissues, placenta and testes, not detected in panel of normal tissue cDNAs. Expression also found in K562, Jurkats (T-cell leukaemia), Hn5 (head and neck cancer) and highest in H1299 (lung cancer) cell lines by real-time PCR (Guinn et al., 2005). Of the normal tissues expression was restricted to testes and not found in a range of normal tissues including brain, liver, kidney, placenta, breast, uterus or ovary (Guinn et al., 2005; Cooper et al., 2006). Expression of PASD1 was demonstrated in OCI-Ly3 (non-germinal centre diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-derived cells), FEDP (ALK-negative anaplastic large-cell lymphoma), Granta519 (mantle cell lymphoma) KM-H2 (Hodgkin's lymphoma), K562 (chronic myeloid leukaemia) and Thiel (multiple myeloma) cell lines and 21/51 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients, 4/9 mantle cell lymphoma, 4/15 follicular lymphomas and a range of other tumour cells from patients with haematological malignancies (Cooper et al., 2006). Expression has been detected in the multiple myeloma cell lines THIEL and RPMI8226, in the testis and in two of four primary multiple myeloma tumour samples (Sahota et al., 2006). Not found in 78 basal cell carcinoma by real-time PCR (Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2010). |
Localisation | In normal tissues expression was only found in the nuclei of a subpopulation of spermatogonia near the basal membrane in the testicular tubules (Cooper et al., 2006). PASD1 protein has shown variable expression. In OCI-Ly3 cells, PASD1 expression was found on the membrane and in the cytoplasm. Nuclear staining of KM-H2, K562 and Thiel cells, nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of Granta519 (Cooper et al., 2006). |
Function | The protein is thought to be a transcription factor (Entrez Gene). No role in human cell cycle (Denniss and Guinn, unpublished data). Detected by virtue of patient humoral responses (Liggins et al., 2004b; Guinn et al., 2005), it has shown to stimulate CD3+ (Guinn et al., 2005), CD4+ (Ait-Tahar et al., 2011) and CD8+ T cell responses (Ait-Tahar et al., 2009; Joseph-Pietras et al., 2010; Hardwick et al., submitted) in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) assays. |
Homology | PASD1 has been identified in cow, chicken and mouse where it is known as GM1141 (Entrez Gene). Similarity to the CLOCK gene in mice which is essential for circadian behaviour. |
CD4-positive T-helper cell responses to the PASD1 protein in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. |
Ait-Tahar K, Liggins AP, Collins GP, Campbell A, Barnardo M, Cabes M, Lawrie CH, Moir D, Hatton C, Banham AH, Pulford K. |
Haematologica. 2011 Jan;96(1):78-86. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2010.028241. Epub 2010 Sep 17. |
PMID 20851862 |
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Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. |
Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, Boldrick JC, Sabet H, Tran T, Yu X, Powell JI, Yang L, Marti GE, Moore T, Hudson J Jr, Lu L, Lewis DB, Tibshirani R, Sherlock G, Chan WC, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Armitage JO, Warnke R, Levy R, Wilson W, Grever MR, Byrd JC, Botstein D, Brown PO, Staudt LM. |
Nature. 2000 Feb 3;403(6769):503-11. |
PMID 10676951 |
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PASD1, a DLBCL-associated cancer testis antigen and candidate for lymphoma immunotherapy. |
Cooper CD, Liggins AP, Ait-Tahar K, Roncador G, Banham AH, Pulford K. |
Leukemia. 2006 Dec;20(12):2172-4. Epub 2006 Oct 5. |
PMID 17024112 |
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Elevated expression levels of testis-specific genes TEX101 and SPATA19 in basal cell carcinoma and their correlation with clinical and pathological features. |
Ghafouri-Fard S, Abbasi A, Moslehi H, Faramarzi N, Taba Taba Vakili S, Mobasheri MB, Modarressi MH. |
Br J Dermatol. 2010 Apr;162(4):772-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09568.x. Epub 2009 Nov 3. |
PMID 19886887 |
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Humoral detection of leukaemia-associated antigens in presentation acute myeloid leukaemia. |
Guinn BA, Bland EA, Lodi U, Liggins AP, Tobal K, Petters S, Wells JW, Banham AH, Mufti GJ. |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Oct 7;335(4):1293-304. |
PMID 16112646 |
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Confirmation of the molecular classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray. |
Hans CP, Weisenburger DD, Greiner TC, Gascoyne RD, Delabie J, Ott G, Muller-Hermelink HK, Campo E, Braziel RM, Jaffe ES, Pan Z, Farinha P, Smith LM, Falini B, Banham AH, Rosenwald A, Staudt LM, Connors JM, Armitage JO, Chan WC. |
Blood. 2004 Jan 1;103(1):275-82. Epub 2003 Sep 22. |
PMID 14504078 |
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DNA vaccines to target the cancer testis antigen PASD1 in human multiple myeloma. |
Joseph-Pietras D, Gao Y, Zojer N, Ait-Tahar K, Banham AH, Pulford K, Rice J, Savelyeva N, Sahota SS. |
Leukemia. 2010 Nov;24(11):1951-9. doi: 10.1038/leu.2010.196. Epub 2010 Sep 23. |
PMID 20861911 |
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A panel of cancer-testis genes exhibiting broad-spectrum expression in haematological malignancies. |
Liggins AP, Lim SH, Soilleux EJ, Pulford K, Banham AH. |
Cancer Immun. 2010 Aug 23;10:8. |
PMID 20726502 |
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PASD1 is a potential multiple myeloma-associated antigen. |
Sahota SS, Goonewardena CM, Cooper CD, Liggins AP, Ait-Tahar K, Zojer N, Stevenson FK, Banham AH, Pulford K. |
Blood. 2006 Dec 1;108(12):3953-5. |
PMID 17114574 |
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