Note | |
| |
Entity | Carcinomas |
Note | Several carcinomas (ovarian, cervical, oral, salivary glands and lung cancers) show high expression of the KLK8 gene. Depending on the cancer type, KLK8 acts as tumor promoting or tumor suppressing factor. |
| |
| |
Entity | Ovarian cancer |
Disease | Expression of KLK8 was not detected on the surface epithelium of normal ovaries by immunohistochemistry. In contrast, KLK8 protein was detected in ovarian carcinomas with a significantly higher detection rate of KLK8 expression in early stage disease compared to advanced stage disease (Shigemasa et al., 2004). Other analyses using sandwich-type immunoassays found KLK8 protein in cancer tissue extracts, serum and ascites fluid of ovarian cancer patients (Kishi et al., 2003; Shigemasa et al., 2004; Borgono et al., 2006). |
Prognosis | It had been proposed that KLK8 is an independent marker of favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer at both the mRNA and protein levels. For example, KLK8 mRNA levels were found associated with longer disease-free survival (PFS) (Magklara et al., 2001; Shigemasa et al., 2004). The tissue concentration of KLK8 was also described as an independent marker of favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer. Patients with KLK8-positive tumors had a significantly longer PFS and overall survival than KLK8-negative patients (Borgono et al., 2006). Higher ascites fluid KLK8 concentration was also associated with better ovarian cancer PFS (Kishi et al., 2003). Using another approach, Kountourakis et al. showed significant correlations between tumour mask KLK8 protein expression levels and clinicopathological variables, including grade, residual disease and clinical response to chemotherapy. There was also a significant correlation between KLK8 tumour mask expression and five years progression-free survival (Kountourakis et al., 2009). |
| |
| |
Entity | Non-small cell lung cancer |
Disease | In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), KLK8 appears to suppress tumor cell invasiveness by degrading fibronectin, thereby suppressing integrin signaling, and also retards cancer cell motility by inhibiting actin polymerization. In a mouse model, KLK8 suppresses tumor growth and invasion in vivo (Sher et al., 2006). Compared with sera from normal subjects, sera of patients with NSCLC had lower levels of KLK8. Using a KLK8 ELISA on 51 patients with NSCLC and 50 normal controls, it was shown that KLK8 may have utility as a lung cancer biomarker when used in conjunction with KLK4, KLK10, KLK11, KLK12, KLK13, and KLK14 (Planque et al., 2008). |
Prognosis | In patients with non-small cell lung cancer, the time to postoperative recurrence was longer for early-stage patients with high KLK8 gene expression than for patients with low KLK8 gene expression (Sher et al., 2006). Another study has revealed that the Type 4 KLK8 alternative splice variant, alone or in combination with other KLK mRNAs, may be a new independent marker of unfavorable prognosis in lung cancer (Planque et al., 2010). |
| |
| |
Entity | Breast cancer |
Disease | KLK8 is downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines (Yousef et al., 2004). On the other hand, KLK8, along with several other kallikrein genes, could be primarily up-regulated by 17b-estradiol and, to a lesser degree, by other steroid hormones in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D, suggesting a coordinated kallikrein expression as part of a complex regulatory mechanism that controls the expression of these genes and also their downstream physiological function (Paliouras and Diamandis, 2007). |
| |
| |
Entity | Cervical cancer |
Disease | At the mRNA level, KLK8 was found to be highly expressed in 82% primary cervical cancer cell lines and in 87% established cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemistry staining of paraffin-embedded cervical cancer specimens showed KLK8 expression in tumor cells and its absence on normal cervical epithelial cells (Cane et al., 2004). |
| |
| |
Entity | Bladder cancer |
Disease | Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of 42 primary bladder tumor samples revealed an higher expression level of KLK8 mRNA in invasive tumors than in superficial tumors (Shinoda et al., 2007). |
| |
| |
Entity | Salivary gland cancers |
Disease | The KLK8 immunoreactivity was determined in normal salivary gland tissue and in malignant salivary gland tumors. In general, all the tumors showed a relatively high overall staining for both ductal and non-ductal cells, particularly mucoepidermoid carcinomas and adenocarcinoma NOS (Darling et al., 2008). |
| |
| |
Entity | Oral squamous cell carcinoma |
Disease | Comparison of oral squamous carcinoma (OSC) cell lines with either overexpression or silencing of uPAR revealed that the more aggressive phenotype is associated with a co-overexpression of KLK5, KLK7, KLK8 and KLK10. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated strong reactivity for KLKs 5, 7, 8 and 10 in both orthotopic murine tumors and human OSC tissues. These results suggest that KLK8 along with other KLKs is involved in malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (Pettus et al., 2009). |
| |
| |
Entity | Skin diseases |
Note | KLK8 involvement in normal skin barrier formation and inflammatory skin disease pathology has recently become apparent. Work done in Klk8/neuropsin-null mice suggested that Klk8/neuropsin is involved in skin barrier homeostasis, whereby healing of chemically wounded or UV-irradiated mouse skin is largely impaired in its absence (Kitayoshi et al., 1999; Kirihara et al., 2003; Kishibe et al., 2012). Additionally, the dramatic increase of KLK8 mRNA in hyperkeratotic skin of psoriasis vulgaris, seborrheic keratosis, lichen planus, and squamous cell carcinoma patients, compared with normal and basal cell carcinoma skin, suggested that human KLK8 is involved in keratinocyte differentiation and skin barrier formation (Kuwae et al., 2002; Shingaki et al., 2010; Shingaki et al., 2012). KLK8 protein overexpression was also detected in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and peeling skin syndrome skin tissues (Komatsu et al., 2006; Komatsu et al., 2007a; Komatsu et al., 2007b). KLK8 together with KLK5, KLK6, KLK7, KLK10 and KLK12 was upregulated in normal human keratinocytes following SP1 silencing. Moreover, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial-derived T(H)2-promoting cytokine, was induced in Sp1-silenced keratinocytes because of elevated KLK activity. This observation suggests that KLKs may contribute to T(H)2 immune responses in the skin by inducing TSLP (Bin et al., 2011). |
| |
| |
Entity | Brain diseases |
Note | Under non-pathological conditions, KLK8 protein is localized mainly to the neurons of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry for KLK8 also demonstrated signals in cerebellum (The Human Protein Atlas). A variety of transcriptional controls through both physiological and nonphysiological activity, such as long-term potentiation, chemically induced plasticity, kindling epileptogenesis, and experimental encephalitis, have been shown to positively regulate Klk8 gene expression in mice (Momota et al., 1998; Komai et al., 2000; He et al., 2001; Ishikawa et al., 2011). Increased anxiety like response was also observed in Klk8/neuropsin-deficient mice (Horii et al., 2008). Recently, Attwood et al. (Attwood et al., 2011) have shown that Klk8/neuropsin is involved in stress-related plasticity in the amygdala by the cleavage of EphB2 during stress and the reduction of EphB2-NMDA binding. So currently, accumulating evidence supports pivotal roles of Klk8 in the early phase of synaptic plasticity, late associativity, and behavioral memory (Shiosaka and Ishikawa, 2011). Further studies are required to determine if KLK8 is involved in human brain diseases, however an overexpression of KLK8 has yet been observed in Alzheimer's disease hippocampus (Shimizu-Okabe et al., 2001). |
| |
Neuropsin cleaves EphB2 in the amygdala to control anxiety. |
Attwood BK, Bourgognon JM, Patel S, Mucha M, Schiavon E, Skrzypiec AE, Young KW, Shiosaka S, Korostynski M, Piechota M, Przewlocki R, Pawlak R. |
Nature. 2011 May 19;473(7347):372-5. Epub 2011 Apr 20. |
PMID 21508957 |
|
Inhibition of transcription factor specificity protein 1 alters the gene expression profile of keratinocytes leading to upregulation of kallikrein-related peptidases and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. |
Bin L, Kim BE, Hall CF, Leach SM, Leung DY. |
J Invest Dermatol. 2011 Nov;131(11):2213-22. doi: 10.1038/jid.2011.202. Epub 2011 Jul 14. |
PMID 21753780 |
|
Human kallikrein 8 protein is a favorable prognostic marker in ovarian cancer. |
Borgono CA, Kishi T, Scorilas A, Harbeck N, Dorn J, Schmalfeldt B, Schmitt M, Diamandis EP. |
Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Mar 1;12(5):1487-93. |
PMID 16533772 |
|
The novel serine protease tumor-associated differentially expressed gene-14 (KLK8/Neuropsin/Ovasin) is highly overexpressed in cervical cancer. |
Cane S, Bignotti E, Bellone S, Palmieri M, De las Casas L, Roman JJ, Pecorelli S, Cannon MJ, O'brien T, Santin AD. |
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jan;190(1):60-6. |
PMID 14749636 |
|
Expression and activity-dependent changes of a novel limbic-serine protease gene in the hippocampus. |
Chen ZL, Yoshida S, Kato K, Momota Y, Suzuki J, Tanaka T, Ito J, Nishino H, Aimoto S, Kiyama H, et al. |
J Neurosci. 1995 Jul;15(7 Pt 2):5088-97. |
PMID 7623137 |
|
Human kallikrein 8 expression in salivary gland tumors. |
Darling MR, Tsai S, Jackson-Boeters L, Daley TD, Diamandis EP. |
Head Neck Pathol. 2008 Sep;2(3):169-74. Epub 2008 Jul 3. |
PMID 20614312 |
|
Kallikrein-related peptidase-8 (KLK8) is an active serine protease in human epidermis and sweat and is involved in a skin barrier proteolytic cascade. |
Eissa A, Amodeo V, Smith CR, Diamandis EP. |
J Biol Chem. 2011 Jan 7;286(1):687-706. Epub 2010 Oct 12. |
PMID 20940292 |
|
Expression of neuropsin in oligodendrocytes after injury to the CNS. |
He XP, Shiosaka S, Yoshida S. |
Neurosci Res. 2001 Apr;39(4):455-62. |
PMID 11274744 |
|
Increased anxiety-like behavior in neuropsin (kallikrein-related peptidase 8) gene-deficient mice. |
Horii Y, Yamasaki N, Miyakawa T, Shiosaka S. |
Behav Neurosci. 2008 Jun;122(3):498-504. |
PMID 18513120 |
|
Expression of neuropsin in the keratinizing epithelial tissue-immunohistochemical analysis of wild-type and nude mice. |
Inoue N, Kuwae K, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Iizuka H, Shibata M, Yoshida S, Kato K, Shiosaka S. |
J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jun;110(6):923-31. |
PMID 9620300 |
|
Epidermal lamellar granules transport different cargoes as distinct aggregates. |
Ishida-Yamamoto A, Simon M, Kishibe M, Miyauchi Y, Takahashi H, Yoshida S, O'Brien TJ, Serre G, Iizuka H. |
J Invest Dermatol. 2004 May;122(5):1137-44. |
PMID 15140216 |
|
Diversity of neuropsin (KLK8)-dependent synaptic associativity in the hippocampal pyramidal neuron. |
Ishikawa Y, Tamura H, Shiosaka S. |
J Physiol. 2011 Jul 15;589(Pt 14):3559-73. Epub 2011 Jun 6. |
PMID 21646406 |
|
Genetic variations of human neuropsin gene and psychiatric disorders: polymorphism screening and possible association with bipolar disorder and cognitive functions. |
Izumi A, Iijima Y, Noguchi H, Numakawa T, Okada T, Hori H, Kato T, Tatsumi M, Kosuga A, Kamijima K, Asada T, Arima K, Saitoh O, Shiosaka S, Kunugi H. |
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Dec;33(13):3237-45. Epub 2008 Mar 19. |
PMID 18354391 |
|
Prolonged recovery of ultraviolet B-irradiated skin in neuropsin (KLK8)-deficient mice. |
Kirihara T, Matsumoto-Miyai K, Nakamura Y, Sadayama T, Yoshida S, Shiosaka S. |
Br J Dermatol. 2003 Oct;149(4):700-6. |
PMID 14616360 |
|
Activation and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human kallikrein 8. |
Kishi T, Cloutier SM, Kundig C, Deperthes D, Diamandis EP. |
Biol Chem. 2006 Jun;387(6):723-31. |
PMID 16800733 |
|
Human kallikrein 8: immunoassay development and identification in tissue extracts and biological fluids. |
Kishi T, Grass L, Soosaipillai A, Shimizu-Okabe C, Diamandis EP. |
Clin Chem. 2003 Jan;49(1):87-96. |
PMID 12507964 |
|
Kallikrein-related peptidase 8-dependent skin wound healing is associated with upregulation of kallikrein-related peptidase 6 and PAR2. |
Kishibe M, Bando Y, Tanaka T, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Iizuka H, Yoshida S. |
J Invest Dermatol. 2012 Jun;132(6):1717-24. doi: 10.1038/jid.2012.18. Epub 2012 Feb 23. |
PMID 22358061 |
|
Effect of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol ester and incisional wounding on neuropsin mRNA and its protein expression in murine skin. |
Kitayoshi H, Inoue N, Kuwae K, Chen ZL, Sato H, Ohta T, Hosokawa K, Itami S, Yoshikawa K, Yoshida S, Shiosaka S. |
Arch Dermatol Res. 1999 Jun;291(6):333-8. |
PMID 10421059 |
|
Neuropsin regulates an early phase of schaffer-collateral long-term potentiation in the murine hippocampus. |
Komai S, Matsuyama T, Matsumoto K, Kato K, Kobayashi M, Imamura K, Yoshida S, Ugawa S, Shiosaka S. |
Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Apr;12(4):1479-86. |
PMID 10762375 |
|
Aberrant human tissue kallikrein levels in the stratum corneum and serum of patients with psoriasis: dependence on phenotype, severity and therapy. |
Komatsu N, Saijoh K, Kuk C, Shirasaki F, Takehara K, Diamandis EP. |
Br J Dermatol. 2007b May;156(5):875-83. |
PMID 17459012 |
|
Expression and prognostic significance of kallikrein-related peptidase 8 protein levels in advanced ovarian cancer by using automated quantitative analysis. |
Kountourakis P, Psyrri A, Scorilas A, Markakis S, Kowalski D, Camp RL, Diamandis EP, Dimopoulos MA. |
Thromb Haemost. 2009 Mar;101(3):541-6. |
PMID 19277417 |
|
Epidermal expression of serine protease, neuropsin (KLK8) in normal and pathological skin samples. |
Kuwae K, Matsumoto-Miyai K, Yoshida S, Sadayama T, Yoshikawa K, Hosokawa K, Shiosaka S. |
Mol Pathol. 2002 Aug;55(4):235-41. |
PMID 12147714 |
|
Recent origin of a hominoid-specific splice form of neuropsin, a gene involved in learning and memory. |
Li Y, Qian YP, Yu XJ, Wang YQ, Dong DG, Sun W, Ma RM, Su B. |
Mol Biol Evol. 2004 Nov;21(11):2111-5. Epub 2004 Jul 28. |
PMID 15282331 |
|
Differential gene expression signature between primary and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. |
Liu CJ, Liu TY, Kuo LT, Cheng HW, Chu TH, Chang KW, Lin SC. |
J Pathol. 2008 Mar;214(4):489-97. |
PMID 18213732 |
|
Functional characterization of the human-specific (type II) form of kallikrein 8, a gene involved in learning and memory. |
Lu ZX, Huang Q, Su B. |
Cell Res. 2009 Feb;19(2):259-67. |
PMID 19125171 |
|
A human-specific mutation leads to the origin of a novel splice form of neuropsin (KLK8), a gene involved in learning and memory. |
Lu ZX, Peng J, Su B. |
Hum Mutat. 2007 Oct;28(10):978-84. |
PMID 17487847 |
|
The human KLK8 (neuropsin/ovasin) gene: identification of two novel splice variants and its prognostic value in ovarian cancer. |
Magklara A, Scorilas A, Katsaros D, Massobrio M, Yousef GM, Fracchioli S, Danese S, Diamandis EP. |
Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Apr;7(4):806-11. |
PMID 11309326 |
|
NMDA-dependent proteolysis of presynaptic adhesion molecule L1 in the hippocampus by neuropsin. |
Matsumoto-Miyai K, Ninomiya A, Yamasaki H, Tamura H, Nakamura Y, Shiosaka S. |
J Neurosci. 2003 Aug 27;23(21):7727-36. |
PMID 12944500 |
|
A novel isoform of a kallikrein-like protease, TLSP/hippostasin, (PRSS20), is expressed in the human brain and prostate. |
Mitsui S, Yamada T, Okui A, Kominami K, Uemura H, Yamaguchi N. |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 May 27;272(1):205-11. |
PMID 10872828 |
|
Blockade of neuropsin, a serine protease, ameliorates kindling epilepsy. |
Momota Y, Yoshida S, Ito J, Shibata M, Kato K, Sakurai K, Matsumoto K, Shiosaka S. |
Eur J Neurosci. 1998 Feb;10(2):760-4. |
PMID 9749739 |
|
Role of neuropsin in formation and maturation of Schaffer-collateral L1cam-immunoreactive synaptic boutons. |
Nakamura Y, Tamura H, Horinouchi K, Shiosaka S. |
J Cell Sci. 2006 Apr 1;119(Pt 7):1341-9. Epub 2006 Mar 14. |
PMID 16537644 |
|
Extracellular serine protease neuropsin (KLK8) modulates neurite outgrowth and fasciculation of mouse hippocampal neurons in culture. |
Oka T, Akisada M, Okabe A, Sakurai K, Shiosaka S, Kato K. |
Neurosci Lett. 2002 Mar 22;321(3):141-4. |
PMID 11880192 |
|
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of lung cancer patients: mapping the uncharted waters using proteomics technology. |
Oumeraci T, Schmidt B, Wolf T, Zapatka M, Pich A, Brors B, Eils R, Fleischhacker M, Schlegelberger B, von Neuhoff N. |
Lung Cancer. 2011 Apr;72(1):136-8. Epub 2011 Feb 18. |
PMID 21334092 |
|
Coordinated steroid hormone-dependent and independent expression of multiple kallikreins in breast cancer cell lines. |
Paliouras M, Diamandis EP. |
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Mar;102(1):7-18. Epub 2006 Aug 8. |
PMID 16897430 |
|
Multiple kallikrein (KLK 5, 7, 8, and 10) expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. |
Pettus JR, Johnson JJ, Shi Z, Davis JW, Koblinski J, Ghosh S, Liu Y, Ravosa MJ, Frazier S, Stack MS. |
Histol Histopathol. 2009 Feb;24(2):197-207. |
PMID 19085836 |
|
Alternative splicing variant of kallikrein-related peptidase 8 as an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis in lung cancer. |
Planque C, Choi YH, Guyetant S, Heuze-Vourc'h N, Briollais L, Courty Y. |
Clin Chem. 2010 Jun;56(6):987-97. Epub 2010 Apr 1. |
PMID 20360129 |
|
A multiparametric serum kallikrein panel for diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma. |
Planque C, Li L, Zheng Y, Soosaipillai A, Reckamp K, Chia D, Diamandis EP, Goodglick L. |
Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Mar 1;14(5):1355-62. |
PMID 18316555 |
|
Differential expression of cancer associated proteins in breast milk based on age at first full term pregnancy. |
Qin W, Zhang K, Kliethermes B, Ruhlen RL, Browne EP, Arcaro KF, Sauter ER. |
BMC Cancer. 2012 Mar 21;12:100. |
PMID 22436421 |
|
Biochemical characterization of human kallikrein 8 and its possible involvement in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. |
Rajapakse S, Ogiwara K, Takano N, Moriyama A, Takahashi T. |
FEBS Lett. 2005 Dec 19;579(30):6879-84. Epub 2005 Dec 1. |
PMID 16337200 |
|
Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs): differential signalling by kallikrein-related peptidases KLK8 and KLK14. |
Ramachandran R, Eissa A, Mihara K, Oikonomopoulou K, Saifeddine M, Renaux B, Diamandis E, Hollenberg MD. |
Biol Chem. 2012 Apr 1;393(5):421-7. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2011-0251. |
PMID 22505524 |
|
SerpinB6 is an inhibitor of kallikrein-8 in keratinocytes. |
Scott FL, Sun J, Whisstock JC, Kato K, Bird PI. |
J Biochem. 2007 Oct;142(4):435-42. Epub 2007 Aug 30. |
PMID 17761692 |
|
Distribution of 15 human kallikreins in tissues and biological fluids. |
Shaw JL, Diamandis EP. |
Clin Chem. 2007 Aug;53(8):1423-32. Epub 2007 Jun 15. |
PMID 17573418 |
|
Human kallikrein 8 protease confers a favorable clinical outcome in non-small cell lung cancer by suppressing tumor cell invasiveness. |
Sher YP, Chou CC, Chou RH, Wu HM, Wayne Chang WS, Chen CH, Yang PC, Wu CW, Yu CL, Peck K. |
Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;66(24):11763-70. |
PMID 17178872 |
|
Human kallikrein 8 (hK8/TADG-14) expression is associated with an early clinical stage and favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer. |
Shigemasa K, Tian X, Gu L, Tanimoto H, Underwood LJ, O'Brien TJ, Ohama K. |
Oncol Rep. 2004 Jun;11(6):1153-9. |
PMID 15138549 |
|
Expression of the kallikrein gene family in normal and Alzheimer's disease brain. |
Shimizu-Okabe C, Yousef GM, Diamandis EP, Yoshida S, Shiosaka S, Fahnestock M. |
Neuroreport. 2001 Aug 28;12(12):2747-51. |
PMID 11522960 |
|
NGF-p75 and neuropsin/KLK8 pathways stimulate each other to cause hyperkeratosis and acanthosis in inflamed skin. |
Shingaki K, Taniguchi M, Kanazawa S, Matsuzaki S, Maeda T, Miyata S, Kubo T, Torii K, Shiosaka S, Tohyama M. |
J Dermatol Sci. 2012 Jul;67(1):71-3. Epub 2012 Mar 30. |
PMID 22520925 |
|
Association of KLK5 overexpression with invasiveness of urinary bladder carcinoma cells. |
Shinoda Y, Kozaki K, Imoto I, Obara W, Tsuda H, Mizutani Y, Shuin T, Fujioka T, Miki T, Inazawa J. |
Cancer Sci. 2007 Jul;98(7):1078-86. Epub 2007 Apr 24. |
PMID 17459052 |
|
Neuropsin--a possible modulator of synaptic plasticity. |
Shiosaka S, Ishikawa Y. |
J Chem Neuroanat. 2011 Sep;42(1):24-9. Epub 2011 Jun 6. |
PMID 21679765 |
|
Neuropsin promotes oligodendrocyte death, demyelination and axonal degeneration after spinal cord injury. |
Terayama R, Bando Y, Murakami K, Kato K, Kishibe M, Yoshida S. |
Neuroscience. 2007 Aug 10;148(1):175-87. Epub 2007 Jul 12. |
PMID 17629414 |
|
Association of kallikrein gene polymorphisms with intracranial aneurysms. |
Weinsheimer S, Goddard KA, Parrado AR, Lu Q, Sinha M, Lebedeva ER, Ronkainen A, Niemela M, Khusnutdinova EK, Khusainova RI, Helin K, Jaaskelainen JE, Sakovich VP, Land S, Kuivaniemi H, Tromp G. |
Stroke. 2007 Oct;38(10):2670-6. Epub 2007 Aug 30. |
PMID 17761919 |
|
Sequence analysis and expression of human neuropsin cDNA and gene. |
Yoshida S, Taniguchi M, Hirata A, Shiosaka S. |
Gene. 1998 Jun 15;213(1-2):9-16. |
PMID 9714609 |
|
Klk8, a multifunctional protease in the brain and skin: analysis of knockout mice. |
Yoshida S. |
Biol Chem. 2010 Apr;391(4):375-80. |
PMID 20180635 |
|
Kallikrein gene downregulation in breast cancer. |
Yousef GM, Yacoub GM, Polymeris ME, Popalis C, Soosaipillai A, Diamandis EP. |
Br J Cancer. 2004 Jan 12;90(1):167-72. |
PMID 14710225 |
|