SPA17 (sperm autoantigenic protein 17)

Identity

Other names	SP17
	SP17-1
HGNC	SPA17
Location	11q24.2

DNA/RNA

Description	The SPA17 gene contains 5 exons and 4 introns and was predicted to span over approximately 23 kb of the genomic DNA. The first exon is encodes solely the 5' untranslated sequence. The exon 2 encodes the first 51 amino acid residue. Exon 3 and 4 are only 71 and 87 bp length and contain coding region. Exon 5 contains stop codon and followed by 3' untranslated sequence. The size of introns 2, 3 and 4 were 5970, 10.235 and 2520 bp, respectively.
Transcription	Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for SP17-1 gene. This variant which was named SP17-1A and SP17-1B, both cDNA encodes identical protein sequence and only differed in 5' UTR part. One hundred percent homology can be detected from the poly A tail up to SP17-1 position -62 for variant A and -31 for variant B.
Pseudogene	There is one pseudogene, SP17-2 intronless gene has all the hallmark of retro-position giving rise to a pseudogene, located on chromosome 10. SP17-2 gene had 61 point mutations, 4 nucleotide insertions and 2 deletions leading to internal stop codons and frame shifts which do not result in ORF encoding a full-length SPA17 polypeptide.

Protein

Description	The SPA17 consists of 151 amino acids corresponding to a molecular weight of 17.4 kDa. SPA17 protein indicated to have functional role in cell regulation by its calmodulin binding site located at its C-terminal end. The N-terminal end of SPA17, similar to human cyclic adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase type II regulatory subunits (RII), may facilitate dimmer formation. SPA17's central domain is necessary for heparin-binding and exhibits the greatest sequence divergence of all three domains. This region plays an important role in cell-cell and/or cell matrix recognition process and/or cell regulation, possibly via its interaction with extra cellular heparin sulfate.
Expression	The SPA17 expression was originally found to be expressed exclusively in the testis. Recently, this gene also found in other somatic tissues.
Localisation	SPA17 is present throughout the cytoplasm and is particularly concentrated around the nucleus. It's also present on the surface of B-lymphocytes and granulocytes; T-lymphocytes and monocytes; most malignant B and T lymphocytes cell lines.
Function	SPA17 is highly antigenic, testes specific antigen and known have function to bind sperm to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. In addition, SPA17 may also have an alternative role in highly proliferating and neoplastic cells, such as a mediator of signal transduction, protein synthesis and/or unregulated growth.
Homology	The homologues of SPA17 protein sequences were found from eutherian and marsupial mammals, including rat, mouse, macaque, baboon, human, marmoset, rabbit, Monodelphis and wallaby.

Implicated in

Entity	Immune system
Disease	SPA17 is a highly immunogenic protein. More than 90% of male spontaneously developed B-cell immunity of SPA17 following vasectomy. SPA17 can be easily generated SPA17-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from peripheral blood of healthy donors and also from peripheral blood of cancer-bearing patients. SPA17 have been tested as tumor vaccines in a phase I study. In addition, SPA17 gene was described in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Entity	Malignancy
Disease	SPA17 reported to be over-expressed in female reproduction organ, multiple myeloma, esthesioneuroblastoma, nervous system tumors and esophageal cancer.
Prognosis	SPA17 expression closely related with poor prognosis in malignancy.
Oncogenesis	SPA17 was identified as a candidate gene related to chemoresistance of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary, which has a poor prognosis due to its chemoresistancy and early metastasis to the lymph nodes.

External links

	Nomenclature
HGNC	SPA17   11210
Entrez_Gene	SPA17  53340  sperm autoantigenic protein 17
	Cards
Atlas	SPA17ID42360ch11q24
GeneCards	SPA17
Ensembl	SPA17 [Search_View]   ENSG00000064199 [Gene_View]
Genatlas	SPA17
GeneLynx	SPA17
eGenome	SPA17
euGene	53340
	Genomic and cartography
GoldenPath	SPA17  -  11q24.2   chr11:124048950-124069897 +  11q24.2   [Description]    (hg18-Mar_2006)
Ensembl	SPA17 - 11q24.2 [CytoView]
NCBI	Mapview
OMIM	Disease map [OMIM]
HomoloGene	SPA17
	Gene and transcription
Genbank	AF334735 [ ENTREZ ]
Genbank	AK307271 [ ENTREZ ]
Genbank	AK311806 [ ENTREZ ]
Genbank	BC019224 [ ENTREZ ]
Genbank	BC032457 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	NM_017425 [ SRS ]    NM_017425 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	AC_000054 [ SRS ]    AC_000054 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	AC_000143 [ SRS ]    AC_000143 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	NC_000011 [ SRS ]    NC_000011 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	NT_033899 [ SRS ]    NT_033899 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	NW_001838043 [ SRS ]    NW_001838043 [ ENTREZ ]
RefSeq	NW_925173 [ SRS ]    NW_925173 [ ENTREZ ]
AceView	SPA17 AceView - NCBI
Unigene	Hs.286233 [ SRS ]    Hs.286233 [ NCBI ]     HS286233 [ spliceNest ]
Fast-db	14784 (alternative variants)
	Protein : pattern, domain, 3D structure
SwissProt	Q05D07 [ SRS]    Q05D07 [ EXPASY ]     Q05D07 [ INTERPRO ]     Q05D07 [ UNIPROT ]
Prosite	PS50096 IQ [ SRS ]    PS50096 IQ [ Expasy ]
Interpro	IPR003117 cAMP-dep_prot_kin_reg_I/II_a/b [ SRS ]    IPR003117 cAMP-dep_prot_kin_reg_I/II_a/b [ EBI ]
Interpro	IPR000048 IQ_CaM_bd_region [ SRS ]    IPR000048 IQ_CaM_bd_region [ EBI ]
Interpro	IPR012105 Sp17 [ SRS ]    IPR012105 Sp17 [ EBI ]
CluSTr	Q05D07
Pfam	PF00612 IQ [ SRS ]    PF00612 IQ [ Sanger ]    pfam00612 [ NCBI-CDD ]
Pfam	PF02197 RIIa [ SRS ]    PF02197 RIIa [ Sanger ]    pfam02197 [ NCBI-CDD ]
Smart	SM00015 IQ [EMBL]
Smart	SM00394 RIIa [EMBL]
Blocks	Q05D07
HPRD	12272
	Protein Interaction databases
DIP	Q05D07
IntAct	Q05D07
	Polymorphism : SNP, mutations, diseases
OMIM	608621    [ map ]
GENECLINICS	608621
SNP	SPA17 [dbSNP-NCBI]
SNP	NM_017425 [SNP-NCI]
SNP	SPA17 [GeneSNPs - Utah]  SPA17] [HGBASE - SRS]
HAPMAP	SPA17 [HAPMAP]
HGMD	SPA17
	General knowledge
Family Browser	SPA17 [UCSC Family Browser]
SOURCE	NM_017425
SMD	Hs.286233
SAGE	Hs.286233
GO	signal transduction [Amigo]  signal transduction
GO	spermatogenesis [Amigo]  spermatogenesis
GO	single fertilization [Amigo]  single fertilization
GO	binding of sperm to zona pellucida [Amigo]  binding of sperm to zona pellucida
GO	cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity [Amigo]  cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity
GO	membrane [Amigo]  membrane
PubGene	SPA17
TreeFam	SPA17
CTD	53340 [Comparative ToxicoGenomics Database]
	Other databases
	Probes
Probe	SPA17 Related clones (RZPD - Berlin)
	PubMed
PubMed	17 Pubmed reference(s) in LocusLink

Bibliography

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PMID 8688458

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PMID 9022615

Idiotypic protein-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination in multiple myeloma.

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PMID 10471530

Processing of the sperm protein Sp17 during the acrosome reaction and characterization as a calmodulin binding protein.

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PMID 9986726

Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) in multiple myeloma: opportunity for myeloma-specific donor T cell infusion to enhance graft-versus-myeloma effect without increasing graft-versus-host disease risk.

Chiriva-Internati M, Wang Z, Xue Y, Bumm K, Hahn AB, Lim SH

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PMID 11477539

Sperm protein 17 is expressed on normal and malignant lymphocytes and promotes heparan sulfate-mediated cell-cell adhesion.

Lacy HM, Sanderson RD

Blood. 2001 ; 98 (7) : 2160-2165.

PMID 11568003

Sperm protein 17 is a novel cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma.

Lim SH, Wang Z, Chiriva-Internati M, Xue Y

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PMID 11222401

Characterization of Sp17: a ubiquitous three domain protein that binds heparin.

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The Biochemical journal. 2001 ; 357 (Pt 1) : 25-31.

PMID 11415432

Genomic organization of an intron-containing sperm protein 17 gene (Sp17-1) and an intronless pseudogene (Sp17-2) in humans: a new model.

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PMID 12393185

Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a suitable target for immunotherapy of multiple myeloma.

Chiriva-Internati M, Wang Z, Salati E, Bumm K, Barlogie B, Lim SH

Blood. 2002 ; 100 (3) : 961-965.

PMID 12130509

Tumor vaccine for ovarian carcinoma targeting sperm protein 17.

Chiriva-Internati M, Wang Z, Salati E, Timmins P, Lim SH

Cancer. 2002 ; 94 (9) : 2447-2453.

PMID 12015770

Successful generation of sperm protein 17 (Sp17)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from normal donors: implication for tumour-specific adoptive immunotherapy following allogeneic stem cell transplantation for Sp17-positive multiple myeloma.

Chiriva-Internati M, Wang Z, Salati E, Wroblewski D, Lim SH

Scandinavian journal of immunology. 2002 ; 56 (4) : 429-433.

PMID 12234264

Characterization of sperm protein 17 in human somatic and neoplastic tissue.

De Jong A, Buchli R, Robbins D

Cancer letters. 2002 ; 186 (2) : 201-209.

PMID 12213290

Expression of sperm protein 17 (Sp17) in ovarian cancer.

Straughn JM Jr, Shaw DR, Guerrero A, Bhoola SM, Racelis A, Wang Z, Chiriva-Internati M, Grizzle WE, Alvarez RD, Lim SH, Strong TV

International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer. 2004 ; 108 (6) : 805-811.

PMID 14712480

Sperm protein 17 expression defines 2 subsets of primary esthesioneuroblastoma.

Bumm K, Grizzi F, Franceschini B, Koch M, Iro H, Wurm J, Ceva-Grimaldi G, Dimmler A, Cobos E, Dioguardi N, Sinha UK, Kast WM, Chiriva-Internati M

Human pathology. 2005 ; 36 (12) : 1289-1293.

PMID 16311122

Sperm protein 17 is expressed in human nervous system tumours.

Grizzi F, Gaetani P, Franceschini B, Di Ieva A, Colombo P, Ceva-Grimaldi G, Bollati A, Frezza EE, Cobos E, Rodriguez y Baena R, Dioguardi N, Chiriva-Internati M

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PMID 16438728

Clinical significance of sperm protein 17 expression and immunogenicity in esophageal cancer.

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International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer. 2007 ; 120 (8) : 1739-1747.

PMID 17230514

Sperm protein 17 influences the tissue-specific malignancy of clear cell adenocarcinoma in human epithelial ovarian cancer.

Nakazato T, Kanuma T, Tamura T, Faried LS, Aoki H, Minegishi T

International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society. 2007 ; 17 (2) : 426-432.

PMID 17309563

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Last year publications	automatic search in PubMed

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Contributor(s)

Written	09-2007	Leri S. Faried, Ahmad Faried
		Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan (FLS); Department of Surgery I, Gunma University, Japan (FA).

Citation

This paper should be referenced as such :

Faried LS, Faried A . SPA17 (sperm autoantigenic protein 17). Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. September 2007 . URL : http://AtlasGeneticsOncology.org/Genes/SPA17ID42360ch11q24.html

© Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

indexed on : Mon Aug 11 21:17:38 2008