STEAP1 (Six Transmembrane Epithelial Antigene of the Prostate 1)

Other names	STEAP
	PRSS24
	MGC19484
HGNC (Hugo)	STEAP1
LocusID (NCBI)	26872
Location	7q21.13
Location_base_pair	Starts at 89783689 and ends at 89794141 bp from pter ( according to hg19-Feb_2009)  [Mapping]
Local_order	Other genes in the vicinity of STEAP1 include ZNF804B (zinc finger protein 804B), dpy-19-like 2 pseudogene 4 (from C. elegans) and STEAP2.
	Surrounding genes from Entrez (updated 12-Feb-2009).

	STEAP gene organization, mRNA transcripts and predicted protein structure. Green boxes correspond to exons.
Description	339 amino acids (NCBI: AF186249); MW 40kDa, contains 6 transmembrane helical domains (table 1) and a theoretical pI of 9.28.
	Table 1-Sequence of the 6 transmembrane helices.
Expression	Cell lines: Prostate-LnCAP, LAPC4, PC3, DU145, breast-MCF7, melanoma-624mel, 697mel, 888mel, MM331, gastrointestinal tract-MKN45, WiDR, lung-1355. Normal murine tissues: bone marrow, brain, colon, duodenum, liver, heart, ileum, kidney, lung, pancreas, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, thymus, testis.
Localisation	Cell membrane.
Function	STEAP1 was first identified as a prostate-specific cell-surface antigen, over-expressed in human prostate cancer, and in the spontaneous transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer, by suppressive subtractive hybridization. It is also expressed in several human cancer cell lines obtained from prostate, breast, pancreas, bladder, gastrointestinal tract, testis, ovary, cervix, Ewing sarcoma, and melanomas, and in malignant tumours from several different tissues (eg. Prostate, breast, bladder, lung), with little or no expression in vital organs. Recent data showed that STEAP1 is involved in intercellular communication between adjacent cells in culture, and that it seems to favour tumour development. Its structure prediction, and location at cell-cell junctions, suggest that STEAP1 must be a channel, or a transport protein. Its cell surface location in all tumour types analyzed so far, and its absence in most vital organs in humans, turned STEAP1 into a potential target for anti-tumour immunotherapy, which has already been used in animal models of cancer with promising results. In addition, high levels of STEAP mRNA have been detected in the circulation of cancer patients increasing the potential of STEAP as a diagnosing marker for human cancer.
Homology	Highest levels of homology with the other members of the family in the following order: STEAP2, STEAP3 and STEAP4.

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