CAPG (capping protein (actin filament), gelsolin-like)
2009-11-01 Peeyush Kumar Singh , Ranjan Tamuli AffiliationDepartment of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781 039, Assam, India
Identity
HGNC
LOCATION
2p11.2
LOCUSID
ALIAS
AFCP,HEL-S-66,MCP
FUSION GENES
DNA/RNA
Description
DNA size: 15.58 kb; mRNA size: 1220 bp; 10 exons.
Proteins
Description
348 amino acids; 38.518 kDa. CapG protein contains three gelsolin-like repeats in the position 27-75 (49), 148-188 (41), and 261-307 (47); and a nuclear localization signal (NES) 137-146 (10). Three natural variants, VAR-047776 (V41I), VAR-047777 (R198W), and VAR-047778 (R335H) have been reported.
Isoforms: Altogether 15 different isoforms (eight complete, one COOH complete, and six partial) have been predicted. Isoform jApr07 is annotated, contains 79 amino acids N-terminal to the first AUG.
Isoforms: Altogether 15 different isoforms (eight complete, one COOH complete, and six partial) have been predicted. Isoform jApr07 is annotated, contains 79 amino acids N-terminal to the first AUG.
Expression
Ubiquitously expressed; highly expressed in prostate, lung, and kidney.
Localisation
Cytoplasmic (52.2 %), cytoskeletal (21.7 %), and nuclear (13.0 %), according to PSORT II prediction.
Function
CAPG encodes a member of the gelsolin/villin family of actin-regulatory proteins that reversibly blocks (capping) the barbed ends of F-actin filaments in a Ca 2+and phosphoinositide-regulated manner, but does not sever preformed actin filaments. Capping contributes to the control of actin-based motility in non-muscle cells. Dysregulation of actin-based motility is a prominent factor in cell transformation and is probably associated with carcinogenesis. CAPG is also involved in cell signaling, receptor-mediated membrane ruffling, and phagocytosis.
Homology
The percent identity below represents identity of CAPG over an aligned region in UniGene.
- Pan troglodytes: 99.7 % (percentage identity)
- Macaca mulatta: 99.7 %
- Mus musculus: 95.4 %
- Rattus norvegicus: 92.8 %
- Bos taurus: 91.1 %
- Danio rerio: 61.7 %
- Pan troglodytes: 99.7 % (percentage identity)
- Macaca mulatta: 99.7 %
- Mus musculus: 95.4 %
- Rattus norvegicus: 92.8 %
- Bos taurus: 91.1 %
- Danio rerio: 61.7 %
Implicated in
Entity name
Breast cancer
Disease
CAPG is expressed at higher levels in metastasizing breast cancer, than in normal breast epithelium. Furthermore, CapG protein is also transported more rapidly into the nucleus of the breast cancerous cells than the corresponding benign cells. CapG knockdown reduces invasiveness in Matrigel invasion assay, which supports the role of CAPG in cell motility. Thus, increased expression of CAPG leads to dysregulation of cell motility that promotes tumor invasion.
Entity name
Oral carcinogenesis
Note
Significant overexpression of CapG protein was detected in oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells (OSCCs) and oral premalignant lesions (OPLs). Enhanced expression of CapG was also associated with large tumour size and advanced staging of OSCCs. Therefore, CapG may initiate or activate the neoplastic process of OSCC cells including the regulation of biologic behaviour of aggressive forms of cells rather than as a suppressor.
Entity name
Ovarian carcinomas
Disease
In a Swedish women population, CAPG was expressed more in tumors among deceased patients than survivors with ovarian carcinomas. The stage III serous papillary adenocarcinomas of the ovary show higher CAPG expression and this is possibly correlated with the advance disease stage. Overexpression of CAPG promotes aggressive tumor progression.
Entity name
Pancreatic cancer
Note
Up regulation and multiple isoforms of CapG were detected in pancreatic cancer tissue and cell lines. High level of CapG protein may possibly play an important role in pancreatic cancer cell motility and consequently dissemination.
Entity name
Ocular melanoma
Note
CapG, which is a unique regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, is expressed in malignant melanomas of the uvea but not to a significant extent in normal uveal melanocytes.
Entity name
Tumorigenic progression in cell lines
Note
Expression of the CapG protein was lost in the tumorigenic cell line, isolated from a human diploid fibroblast lineage. The CapG protein expression was lost also in cancer cell lines including stomach cancer, lung cancer and melanoma. The human stomach cancer cell line AZ 521 became non-tumorigenic after the introduction of CapG cDNA. Moreover, CapG expression was repressed in small-cell lung cancer tissues. These results indicate that CapG is a tumor suppressor gene involved in the tumorigenic progression of certain cancers.
Article Bibliography
| Pubmed ID | Last Year | Title | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1322908 | 1992 | Molecular cloning of human macrophage capping protein cDNA. A unique member of the gelsolin/villin family expressed primarily in macrophages. | Dabiri GA et al |
| 18237446 | 2008 | Clinical significance of gelsolin-like actin-capping protein expression in oral carcinogenesis: an immunohistochemical study of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity. | Nomura H et al |
| 18709641 | 2008 | Four potential biomarkers as prognostic factors in stage III serous ovarian adenocarcinomas. | Partheen K et al |
| 12754261 | 2003 | Cap G, a gelsolin family protein modulating protective effects of unidirectional shear stress. | Pellieux C et al |
| 18059028 | 2008 | Invasive breast cancer cells exhibit increased mobility of the actin-binding protein CapG. | Renz M et al |
| 16847067 | 2007 | Pancreatic cancer cells overexpress gelsolin family-capping proteins, which contribute to their cell motility. | Thompson CC et al |
| 9920419 | 1998 | The identification and differential expression of calcium-binding proteins associated with ocular melanoma. | Van Ginkel PR et al |
| 16767159 | 2006 | Suppression of tumorigenicity, but not anchorage independence, of human cancer cells by new candidate tumor suppressor gene CapG. | Watari A et al |
Other Information
Locus ID:
NCBI: 822
MIM: 153615
HGNC: 1474
Ensembl: ENSG00000042493
Variants:
dbSNP: 822
ClinVar: 822
TCGA: ENSG00000042493
COSMIC: CAPG
RNA/Proteins
Expression (GTEx)
Protein levels (Protein atlas)
PharmGKB
| Entity ID | Name | Type | Evidence | Association | PK | PD | PMIDs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA443937 | Drug Toxicity | Disease | ClinicalAnnotation | associated | PD | ||
| PA446975 | Neurotoxicity Syndromes | Disease | ClinicalAnnotation | associated | PD | ||
| PA451879 | vincristine | Chemical | ClinicalAnnotation | associated | PD |
References
| Pubmed ID | Year | Title | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37468079 | 2023 | CAPG interference induces apoptosis and ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells through the P53 pathway. | 2 |
| 37468079 | 2023 | CAPG interference induces apoptosis and ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells through the P53 pathway. | 2 |
| 36244872 | 2022 | CAPG facilitates diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell progression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. | 3 |
| 36244872 | 2022 | CAPG facilitates diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell progression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. | 3 |
| 33236143 | 2021 | Oncogenic potential of macrophage‑capping protein in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. | 4 |
| 33711419 | 2021 | The migration behavior of human glioblastoma cells is influenced by the redox-sensitive human macrophage capping protein CAPG. | 10 |
| 33236143 | 2021 | Oncogenic potential of macrophage‑capping protein in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. | 4 |
| 33711419 | 2021 | The migration behavior of human glioblastoma cells is influenced by the redox-sensitive human macrophage capping protein CAPG. | 10 |
| 32309867 | 2020 | The Association Between Gelsolin-like Actin-capping Protein (CapG) Overexpression and Bladder Cancer Prognosis. | 7 |
| 32619075 | 2020 | The role of CAPG in molecular communication between the embryo and the uterine endometrium: Is its function conserved in species with different implantation strategies? | 6 |
| 32309867 | 2020 | The Association Between Gelsolin-like Actin-capping Protein (CapG) Overexpression and Bladder Cancer Prognosis. | 7 |
| 32619075 | 2020 | The role of CAPG in molecular communication between the embryo and the uterine endometrium: Is its function conserved in species with different implantation strategies? | 6 |
| 31660072 | 2019 | CapG promotes resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer through transactivation of PIK3R1/P50. | 30 |
| 31660072 | 2019 | CapG promotes resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer through transactivation of PIK3R1/P50. | 30 |
| 29399702 | 2018 | Actin-capping protein CapG is associated with prognosis, proliferation and metastasis in human glioma. | 19 |
Citation
Peeyush Kumar Singh ; Ranjan Tamuli
CAPG (capping protein (actin filament), gelsolin-like)
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009-11-01
Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/gene/44449/capg
