| Description | The JUN protein was originally identified as an oncoprotein encoded by a cellular insert in the genome of avian sarcoma virus 17. Following studies demonstrated that JUN is a critical component of AP-1 transcription factor that recognizes the palindromic DNA sequence TGAC/GTCA, the so-called TPA response element (TRE), in the promoter or intron region of a number of genes. JUN can stably associate with itself or Fos protein to form AP-1 complex. JUN can also interact with some activating transcription factor (ATF) members, such as ATF2, ATF3 and ATF4, to form heterodimers that bind to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) DNA sequence, TGACGTCA. All JUN proteins from different species contain a N-terminal JNK docking domain (delta domain) adjacent to the JNK phosphorylating site Ser63/73. In the C-terminal, there is a basic domain for DNA binding, followed by a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a leucine zipper motif for dimerization with partner proteins. |
| Expression | Ubiquitously expressed. |
| Localisation | Nuclear and mitochondria. |
| Function | JUN is the most important component of AP-1 transcription factors, and its transcriptional activity is possibly attenuated by JUNB or JUND. It has been well accepted that JUN regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and transformation. JUN promotes cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase by up-regulating cyclin D1 expression and antagonizing the function of p53and p21. The JUN protein is involved in both the induction and prevention of apoptosis, possibly dependent on the types and development stages of cells. JUN-dependent induction of pro-apoptotic protein FasL and Bim has been demonstrated in several experimental systems. However, evidence indicating an anti-apoptotic activity of JUN has also been provided by the fact that deficiency of Jun gene causes massive hepatocyte apoptosis. The potential oncogenic transformation of JUN has been revealed by overexpression experiments. This effect of JUN may partially through the induction of certain JUN targeting genes, such as heparin-bind epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), proliferin and Jun-activated gene in chicken embryo fibroblasts (JAC). |
| Nomenclature | | Hugo | JUN |
| GDB | JUN |
| Entrez_Gene | JUN 3725 jun oncogene |
| Cards |
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| Atlas | JUNID151 |
| GeneCards | JUN |
| Ensembl | JUN [Search_View] ENSG00000177606 [Gene_View] |
| Genatlas | JUN |
| GeneLynx | JUN |
| eGenome | JUN |
| euGene | 3725 |
| Genomic and cartography |
|---|
| GoldenPath | JUN - chr1:59019053-59022373 - 1p32-p31 [Description] (hg18-Mar_2006) |
| Ensembl | JUN - 1p32-p31 [CytoView] |
| NCBI | Mapview |
| OMIM | Disease map [OMIM] |
| HomoloGene | JUN |
| Gene and transcription | | Genbank | BC002646 [ ENTREZ ] |
| Genbank | BC006175 [ ENTREZ ] |
| Genbank | BC009874 [ ENTREZ ] |
| Genbank | BC068522 [ ENTREZ ] |
| Genbank | BG831943 [ ENTREZ ] |
| RefSeq | NM_002228 [ SRS ] NM_002228 [ ENTREZ ] |
| RefSeq | AC_000044 [ SRS ] AC_000044 [ ENTREZ ] |
| RefSeq | NC_000001 [ SRS ] NC_000001 [ ENTREZ ] |
| RefSeq | NT_032977 [ SRS ] NT_032977 [ ENTREZ ] |
| RefSeq | NW_921351 [ SRS ] NW_921351 [ ENTREZ ] |
| AceView | JUN AceView - NCBI |
| Unigene | Hs.525704 [ SRS ] Hs.525704 [ NCBI ]
HS525704 [ spliceNest ] |
| Fast-db | 16328 (alternative variants) |
| Protein : pattern, domain, 3D structure |
|---|
| SwissProt | P05412 [ SRS] P05412 [ EXPASY ] P05412 [ INTERPRO ] |
| Prosite | PS50217 BZIP [ SRS ] PS50217 BZIP [ Expasy ] |
| Prosite | PS00036 BZIP_BASIC [ SRS ] PS00036 BZIP_BASIC [ Expasy ] |
| Interpro | IPR011616 bZIP_1 [ SRS ] IPR011616 bZIP_1 [ EBI ] |
| Interpro | IPR015558 C_Jun [ SRS ] IPR015558 C_Jun [ EBI ] |
| Interpro | IPR005643 JNK [ SRS ] IPR005643 JNK [ EBI ] |
| Interpro | IPR002112 Leuzip_Jun [ SRS ] IPR002112 Leuzip_Jun [ EBI ] |
| Interpro | IPR004827 TF_bZIP [ SRS ] IPR004827 TF_bZIP [ EBI ] |
| CluSTr | P05412 |
| Pfam | PF00170 bZIP_1 [ SRS ] PF00170 bZIP_1 [ Sanger ] pfam00170 [ NCBI-CDD ] |
| Pfam | PF03957 Jun [ SRS ] PF03957 Jun [ Sanger ] pfam03957 [ NCBI-CDD ] |
| Smart | SM00338 BRLZ [EMBL] |
| Blocks | P05412 |
| PDB | 1A02 [ SRS ] 1A02 [ PdbSum ], 1A02 [ IMB ] 1A02 [ RSDB ] |
| PDB | 1FOS [ SRS ] 1FOS [ PdbSum ], 1FOS [ IMB ] 1FOS [ RSDB ] |
| PDB | 1JNM [ SRS ] 1JNM [ PdbSum ], 1JNM [ IMB ] 1JNM [ RSDB ] |
| PDB | 1JUN [ SRS ] 1JUN [ PdbSum ], 1JUN [ IMB ] 1JUN [ RSDB ] |
| PDB | 1S9K [ SRS ] 1S9K [ PdbSum ], 1S9K [ IMB ] 1S9K [ RSDB ] |
| PDB | 1T2K [ SRS ] 1T2K [ PdbSum ], 1T2K [ IMB ] 1T2K [ RSDB ] |
| HPRD | 01302 |
| Protein Interaction databases |
|---|
| DIP | P05412 |
| IntAct | P05412 |
| Polymorphism : SNP, mutations, diseases |
|---|
| OMIM | 165160 [ map ] |
| GENECLINICS | 165160 |
| SNP | JUN [dbSNP-NCBI] |
| SNP | NM_002228 [SNP-NCI] |
| SNP | JUN [GeneSNPs - Utah] JUN] [HGBASE - SRS] |
| HAPMAP | JUN [HAPMAP] |
| COSMIC | JUN [Somatic mutation (COSMIC-CGP-Sanger)] |
| HGMD | JUN |
| General knowledge |
|---|
| Family Browser | JUN [UCSC Family Browser] |
| SOURCE | NM_002228 |
| SMD | Hs.525704 |
| SAGE | Hs.525704 |
| GO | nuclear chromosome [Amigo] nuclear chromosome |
| GO | transcription factor activity [Amigo] transcription factor activity |
| GO | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity [Amigo] RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity |
| GO | nucleus [Amigo] nucleus |
| GO | transcription factor complex [Amigo] transcription factor complex |
| GO | regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Amigo] regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent |
| GO | cellular process [Amigo] cellular process |
| GO | negative regulation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation [Amigo] negative regulation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation |
| GO | leading edge cell differentiation [Amigo] leading edge cell differentiation |
| GO | sequence-specific DNA binding [Amigo] sequence-specific DNA binding |
| GO | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Amigo] positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
| GO | protein dimerization activity [Amigo] protein dimerization activity |
| BIOCARTA | The 4-1BB-dependent immune response [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Angiotensin II mediated activation of JNK Pathway via Pyk2 dependent signaling [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Pertussis toxin-insensitive CCR5 Signaling in Macrophage [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | IL12 and Stat4 Dependent Signaling Pathway in Th1 Development [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | TPO Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Agrin in Postsynaptic Differentiation [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Oxidative Stress Induced Gene Expression Via Nrf2 [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | ATM Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | BCR Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Role of EGF Receptor Transactivation by GPCRs in Cardiac Hypertrophy [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Cadmium induces DNA synthesis and proliferation in macrophages [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | D4-GDI Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Repression of Pain Sensation by the Transcriptional Regulator DREAM [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | EGF Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | EPO Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | METS affect on Macrophage Differentiation [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | FAS signaling pathway ( CD95 ) [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Fc Epsilon Receptor I Signaling in Mast Cells [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Inhibition of Cellular Proliferation by Gleevec [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Signaling Pathway from G-Protein Families [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in the Cardiovascular System [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | IGF-1 Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Signal transduction through IL1R [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | IL 2 signaling pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | IL 6 signaling pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Insulin Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Integrin Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Keratinocyte Differentiation [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | MAPKinase Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Nerve growth factor pathway (NGF) [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | The information-processing pathway at the IFN-beta enhancer [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | PDGF Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Mechanism of Gene Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferators via PPARa(alpha) [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Links between Pyk2 and Map Kinases [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | TNF/Stress Related Signaling [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | T Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | TNFR1 Signaling Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | Toll-Like Receptor Pathway [Genes] |
| BIOCARTA | TSP-1 Induced Apoptosis in Microvascular Endothelial Cell [Genes] |
| KEGG | MAPK signaling pathway |
| KEGG | Wnt signaling pathway |
| KEGG | Focal adhesion |
| KEGG | Toll-like receptor signaling pathway |
| KEGG | T cell receptor signaling pathway |
| KEGG | B cell receptor signaling pathway |
| KEGG | GnRH signaling pathway |
| KEGG | Epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection |
| KEGG | Colorectal cancer |
| PubGene | JUN |
| TreeFam | JUN |
| CTD | 3725 [Comparative ToxicoGenomics Database] |
| Other databases |
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| Probes |
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| Probe | JUN Related clones (RZPD - Berlin) |
| PubMed |
|---|
| PubMed | 321 Pubmed reference(s) in LocusLink |
| Structure and chromosomal localization of the functional intronless human JUN protooncogene. |
| Hattori K, Angel P, Le Beau MM, Karin M |
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1988 ; 85 (23) : 9148-9152. |
| PMID 3194415 |
| |
| AP-1 as a regulator of cell life and death. |
| Shaulian E, Karin M |
| Nature cell biology. 2002 ; 4 (5) : E131-E136. |
| PMID 11988758 |
| |
| Jun, the oncoprotein. |
| Vogt PK |
| Oncogene. 2001 ; 20 (19) : 2365-2377. |
| PMID 11402333 |
| |
| Fortuitous convergences: the beginnings of JUN. |
| Vogt PK |
| Nature reviews. Cancer. 2002 ; 2 (6) : 465-469. |
| PMID 12189388 |
| |
