USP32 gene is located on a prominent gene amplification region, 17q23, in breast cancers (Bärlund et al., 1997; Erson et al., 2001) and has 34 exons (figure 2).

USP32 mRNA is 7026 bp long. Coding sequence of USP32 starts at the 287^th bp and ends at the 5101^st bp of the mRNA. Total length of USP32 coding sequence is 4815 bp.

No pseudogene has been reported for USP32.

Three independent studies reported USP32 to be phosphorylated at the 1173^rd tyrosine and 1372^nd serine residues (Dephoure et al., 2008; Rigbolt et al., 2011; Mayya et al., 2009).

USP32 (ubiquitin specific protease 32 - accession number: NT_010783 and mRNA accession number: NM_032582) encodes for a protein consisting of 1604 amino acids and the resulting proteins predicted molecular weight is approximately 182 kDa. The N-terminal region contains calcium binding domain with EF-hand and DUSP domains.
The EF-hand calcium binding domains, consisting of a helix (E), a loop and a second helix (F) motif, are generally found in calcium binding proteins.
DUSP domain is common among ubiquitin specific proteases. The function of this domain in USP32 remains unclear but is predicted be functional in protein-protein interactions. In addition, USP32 harbors Cys, His and Asp triad which is common in USP subfamily of DUBs (figure 3). Recently, active deubiquitination function of USP32 has been established (Akhavantabasi et al., 2010).

Overexpressed transcript was detected in malignant breast ephitelium (Grigoriadis et al., 2006). Another study showed overexpression of USP32 in 50% (9 of 18) of breast cancer cell lines and 22% (9 of 41) of primary breast tumors compared to mammary epithelial cells (Akhavantabasi et al., 2010).

Golgi (Akhavantabasi et al., 2010).

USP32 is an active deubiquitinating enzyme (Akhavantabasi et al., 2010).

C-terminal of USP32 shows 97% nucleotide homology with USP6 (ubiquitin specific protease 6 (Tre-2 oncogene)) (Paulding et al., 2003) (figure 4).

In the Parkinson disease, CNVs in USP32 gene were suggested. However, these variations in USP32 were not confirmed with Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and real time PCR (Pankratz et al., 2011).