Mixed and other sex cord stromal tumors

2023-05-04   Andres M. Acosta, MD 

1.Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN

Classification

Definition

This category includes tumors comprising mode than one sex cord-stromal component (e.g., both Leydig and Sertoli cells), tumors with pure signet ring cytomorphology, neoplasms that cannot be classified into specific histologic subtypes and a recently described entity termed myoid gonadal stromal tumor. Except for myoid gonadal stromal tumors, these neoplasms demonstrate markedly heterogeneous phenotypic features. 1 

Mixed and other sex cord stromal tumorsGenetic Event(s)
Mixed sex cord stromal tumor A subset of tumors with combinations of Sertoli and Leydig cell components harbor CTNNB1 or APC mutations and may represent Sertoli cell tumors with entrapped nonneoplastic Leydig cells. 1
Signet ring stromal tumorA subset is associated with gain-of-function CTNNB1 mutations. 2
Myoid gonadal stromal tumorCharacterized by absence of recurrent somatic mutations;however, they exhibit a recurrent pattern of chromosomal arm-level and chromosome-level copy number gains (chrmosomes 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14q, 15q, 17, 18q, 20, 21q), consistent with ploidy shifts. 3,4
Sex cord stromal tumor NOSMolecularly heterogeneous. Recurrent CTNNB1 mutations and chromosomal gains suggestive of ploidy shifts are present in specific subsets. 1

Article Bibliography

Reference NumberPubmed IDLast YearTitleAuthors
1361805762022Clinicopathologic and molecular spectrum of testicular sex cord-stromal tumors not amenable to specific histopathologic subclassification.Siegmund SE et al
2287394992017Primary signet ring stromal tumor of the testis: a study of 13 cases indicating their phenotypic and genotypic analogy to pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm.Michalova K et al
3331401292021Myoid gonadal tumor. Case series, systematic review, and Bayesian analysis.Renne SL et al
4362266952023Myoid gonadal stromal tumours are characterised by recurrent chromosome-level copy number gains: molecular assessment of a multi-institutional series.Collins K et al

Citation

Andres M. Acosta, MD

Mixed and other sex cord stromal tumors

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2023-05-04

Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/solid-tumor/209124/mixed-and-other-sex-cord-stromal-tumors