Metastases to skin

2025-11-24   Paola Dal Cin, PhD 

1.Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School, Boston , MA (USA)

Keywords
Skin metastases , Cancer of unknown primary (CUP)

Classification

Definition

Metastases in skin are malignant neoplasms mainly of epithelial, melanocytic, or mesenchymal origin that involve the areas of the skin overlying the primary lesion.  When the lesions are discovered at the same time as the primary tumors, they are considered Cutaneous metastases are poor prognostic indicators if the lesions are discovered at the same time as the primary tumors. 1 However, involvement of the skin by systemic hematolymphoid lesions is not considered metastasis. The microscopic appearance and genetic profile are those to the primary tumor. Molecular profile of the metastatic tumor and comparison with any primary tumor (if available) is desirable. Molecular analysis (if available) is desirable to try to detect a genetic signature compatible with primary tumor, even if the primary origin is unknown. 2


 Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is referring to a malignancy with histologically confirmed metastatic spread while the primary tumor remains elusive . Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been used to inform a molecular guided treatment strategy to improve outcomes over standard chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed CUP. 3-6

Article Bibliography

Reference NumberPubmed IDLast YearTitleAuthors
1151864302004Cutaneous metastasis: a clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical appraisal.Saeed S et al
2320106312019"Metastatic Cancer of Unknown Primary" or "Primary Metastatic Cancer"?Kolling S et al
3319707712020Integrated clinicomolecular characterization identifies RAS activation and CDKN2A deletion as independent adverse prognostic factors in cancer of unknown primary.Bochtler T et al
4390969242024Molecularly guided therapy versus chemotherapy after disease control in unfavourable cancer of unknown primary (CUPISCO): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 study.Krämer A et al
5390969272024Molecular guided therapies: a practice-changing step forward in cancer of unknown primary management.Rassy E et al
6403182632025Molecularly directed therapy in cancers of unknown primary: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Labaki C et al

Citation

Paola Dal Cin, PhD

Metastases to skin

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2025-11-24

Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/solid-tumor/209351/metastases-to-skin