| Description | 108 amino acids; basic Helix Loop Helix motif for protein dimerization and DNA-binding |
| Expression | in adult testes; in developing midbrain, dorsal diencephalon, rostroventral diencaphalic/telencephalic boundary, and anterior pons; pivotal role in the development of the mature central nervous system; not expressed during normal hematopoietic development |
| Function | transcription factor; TAL2 dimerizes with members of the class A subgroup of bHLH proteins (ie E47, E12, E2-2, HEB), as well as LIM-only proteins LMO1 and LMO2; heterodimers are formed intracellularly through stable interaction between bHLH domains of TAL2 and E47; TAL2/E47 heterodimers bind DNA in a sequence-specific manner that is dependent on the E-box element; TAL2/E12 heterodimers also have DNA-binding activity; TAL2 does not bind DNA in absence of E2A proteins; a significant fraction (60%) of TAL2 polypeptides from SUP-T3 exist in phosphorylated form, the rest is unphosphorylated; serine residue 100 of TAL2 is the potential site of phosphorylation by MAP kinases. |
| Homology | TAL1 at 1p31, LYL1 at 19p13; TAL2, TAL1, and LYL1 share more than 85% amino acid identity in the bHLH domain and are thus more related to one other than to other bHLH proteins, for instance c-myc |
| Consistent breakage between consensus recombinase heptamers of chromosome 9 DNA in a recurrent chromosomal translocation of human T cell leukemia. |
| Tycko B, Reynolds TC, Smith SD, Sklar J |
| The Journal of experimental medicine. 1989 ; 169 (2) : 369-377. |
| PMID 2536065 |
| |
| TAL2, a helix-loop-helix gene activated by the (7;9)(q34;q32) translocation in human T-cell leukemia. |
| Xia Y, Brown L, Yang CY, Tsan JT, Siciliano MJ, Espinosa R III, Le Beau MM, Baer RJ |
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1991 ; 88 (24) : 11416-11420. |
| PMID 1763056 |
| |
| TAL1, TAL2 and LYL1: a family of basic helix-loop-helix proteins implicated in T cell acute leukaemia. |
| Baer R |
| Seminars in cancer biology. 1993 ; 4 (6) : 341-347. |
| PMID 8142619 |
| |
| Products of the TAL2 oncogene in leukemic T cells: bHLH phosphoproteins with DNA-binding activity. |
| Xia Y, Hwang LY, Cobb MH, Baer R |
| Oncogene. 1994 ; 9 (5) : 1437-1446. |
| PMID 8152805 |
| |
| The leukemic oncogene tal-2 is expressed in the developing mouse brain. |
| Mori S, Sugawara S, Kikuchi T, Tanji M, Narumi O, Stoykova A, Nishikawa SI, Yokota Y |
| Brain research. Molecular brain research. 1999 ; 64 (2) : 199-210. |
| PMID 9931488 |
| |
| The T cell oncogene Tal2 is necessary for normal development of the mouse brain. |
| Bucher K, Sofroniew MV, Pannell R, Impey H, Smith AJ, Torres EM, Dunnett SB, Jin Y, Baer R, Rabbitts TH |
| Developmental biology. 2000 ; 227 (2) : 533-544. |
| PMID 11071772 |
| |
| V(D)J-mediated translocations in lymphoid neoplasms: a functional assessment of genomic instability by cryptic sites. |
| Marculescu R, Le T, Simon P, Jaeger U, Nadel B |
| The Journal of experimental medicine. 2002 ; 195 (1) : 85-98. |
| PMID 11781368 |
| |
| Distinct t(7;9)(q34;q32) breakpoints in healthy individuals and individuals with T-ALL. |
| Marculescu R, Vanura K, Le T, Simon P, Jˆ§ger U, Nadel B |
| Nature genetics. 2003 ; 33 (3) : 342-344. |
| PMID 12567187 |
| |