Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health, Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
Activation: The expression of mRNA is elevated by c-MYC protein, and frequently increased in various types of cancers, including human colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In some types of cancers such as ESCC, patients with high expression of MINA53 had shorter survival periods. MINA expression is also activated not only MYC but also by other factors, because there are lymphoma and lung cancer tissues where the expression of MYC is downregulated but the expression of MINA is elevated (Teye et al., 2007; Komiya et al., 2010). The expression of MINA is also activated and mineral dust in human alveolar macrophage and human lung cancer cell line, A549 (Zhange et al., 2005).
Gene activation: MINA regulates several genes which are also regulated by MYC. Genes regulated by MINA but not by MYC include HGF, EGFR, and IL6 (Komiya et al., 2010).
Gene suppression: Recently, MINA was identified as a genetic determinant of T(H)2 bias. MINA specifically binds to and represses the IL4 promoter. MINA overexpression in transgenic mice impaired IL4 expression, whereas its knockdown in primary CD4(+) T cells led to IL4 de-repression. Therefore MINA controls helper T cell differentiation through an IL4-regulatory pathway (Okamoto et al,. 2009). These findings suggest that MINA may play a role on carcinogenesis also in the field of cancer immunology.
Ribosome biogenesis: MINA is accumulated in nucleolus (Tsuneoka et al., 2002). Immunolocalization studies revealed that MINA is highly concentrated in the granular component of nucleoli (Eilbracht et al., 2005). MINA is a constituent of free preribosomal particles but is absent from cytoplasmic ribosomes. MINA interacts with various ribosomal proteins as well as with a distinct set of non-ribosomal nucleolar proteins. These results suggest that MINA is directly involved in ribosome biogenesis, most likely during the assembly process of preribosomal particles (Eilbracht et al., 2005). MINA was also suggested to be involved in ribosomal RNA transcription (Lu et al., 2009).
NCBI: 84864 MIM: 612049 HGNC: 19441 Ensembl: ENSG00000170854
dbSNP: 84864 ClinVar: 84864 TCGA: ENSG00000170854 COSMIC: RIOX2
Makoto Tsuneoka ; Kengo Okamoto ; Yuji Tanaka
RIOX2 (ribosomal oxygenase 2)
Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2010-04-01
Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/gene/44409/gene-fusions-explorer/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png