t(11;11)(q13;q23) KMT2A/ARHGEF17

2009-04-01   Jean-Loup Huret  

1.Genetics, Dept Medical Information, University of Poitiers, CHU Poitiers Hospital, F-86021 Poitiers, France

Clinics and Pathology

Epidemiology

The involvement of MLL in 11q23 and ARHGEF17 in 11q13 was ascertained in only 1 case (Teuffel et al., 2005). It was an unusual case of treatment-related MLL rearrangement in the absence of leukemia.

Clinics

The case reported by Teuffel et al. (2005), was a five-year-old girl, who experienced an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a variant t(8;21) and achieved remission under treatment. Four years later, a follow-up control of her karyotype revealed a t(11;11)(q13;q23), in the absence of any sign of leukemia in the bone marrow, over a period of 30 months following the discover of the t(11;11).
Other cases of t(11;11)(q13;q23) were:
A 13-year-old girl, who have had a M4eo AML with inv(16)(p13q22). Eleven month later, a t(11;11)(q13;q23) was found, but bone marrow remained normal; however, an overt M5b AML was diagnosed 6 months later (Leblanc et al., 1994). This case resembles the case of Teuffel.
There was also the case of a 69-year-old male patient with a primary M4 AML, who died 5 months after diagnosis, and an AML (not classified) female patient (Testa et al., 1985; Mackinnon and Campbell, 2007).

Cytology

In the case reported by Teuffel, the MLL-ARHGEF17 was only seen in the myeloid lineage. The myeloid differentiation was not perturbed by the presence of the chimeric protein, and normal mature myeloid cells carrying the chimeric protein were found in normal amounts.

Genes Involved and Proteins

Gene name
ARHGEF17 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17)
Location
11q13.4
Protein description
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. Involved in transduction of various signals into downstream signaling cascades.
Gene name
KMT2A (myeloid/lymphoid or mixed lineage leukemia)
Location
11q23.3
Dna rna description
36 exons, multiple transcripts 13-15 kb.
Protein description
3969 amino acids; 431 kDa; contains two DNA binding motifs (a AT hook and a CXXC domain), a DNA methyl transferase motif, a bromodomain. MLL is cleaved by taspase 1 into 2 proteins before entering the nucleus, called MLL-N and MLL-C. The FYRN and a FRYC domains of native MLL associate MLL-N and MLL-C in a stable complex; they form a multiprotein complex with transcription factor TFIID. MLL is a transcriptional regulatory factor. MLL can be associated with more than 30 proteins, including the core components of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and the transcription complex TFIID. MLL binds promotors of HOX genes through acetylation and methylation of histones. MLL is a major regulator of hematopoesis and embryonic development.

Result of the Chromosomal Anomaly

Description

The fusion between MLL and ARHGEF17 occurred in introns 12 and 1 respectively.

Bibliography

Pubmed IDLast YearTitleAuthors
79341591994Translocation t(11;11)(q13;q23) and HRX gene rearrangement associated with therapy-related leukemia in a child previously treated with VP16.Leblanc T et al
182530312007Dicentric chromosomes and 20q11.2 amplification in MDS/AML with apparent monosomy 20.Mackinnon RN et al
38552851985Chromosomal alterations in acute leukemia patients studied with improved culture methods.Testa JR et al
158674252005Clonal expansion of a new MLL rearrangement in the absence of leukemia.Teuffel O et al

Citation

Jean-Loup Huret

t(11;11)(q13;q23) KMT2A/ARHGEF17

Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 2009-04-01

Online version: http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/haematological/1541/t(11;11)(q13;q23)